Damon Workman Audio Stories & Transcriptions
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• Denvil & Damon move big hog from Buffalo Creek farm to Dundon
• Walter & Bertha family move into a sawmill house in Bentree
• Walter & Bertha operate hardware store in Clay (Pisgah)
• Albert gave Buffalo Creek farm to Walter & Bertha
• Hardships on the Buffalo Creek farm; food storage problems
• Events leading to move from Swandale to Maysel to Buffalo Creek
• Events leading to move from Buffalo Creek to Bentree
• Bentree house and store
• Albert’s sawmills in Bentree; railroad in Bentree
• Railroad along Buffalo Creek; community of Adair
00:13
Mike: Really, what I want you to tell me about was some of the stories that you have told me over the years. Stories like growing up over in Clay.
00:29 [DEWv1: Denvil & Damon move big hog from Buffalo Creek farm to Dundon (00:29-08:08)]
Damon: All those stories about growing up on Clay--you try to forget ‘em!
I told you about the one when we moved away from the roughs of Buffalo Creek: when the family moved away and left Denvil and me there to take the last...we had the one hog to move.... It’d have been (1937). I guess I'd have been nine years old. Denvil would have been about five years older than me (so what would that make him?) he wouldn't have been more than 14 would he? We stayed there and had an old BIG hog to move. And we had to build a crate on the sled.
Mike: You didn't have a truck or anything like that?
Damon: Oh! The truck would have scared us to death.
Dianne: So how did your dad get over there?
Damon: They moved--they took all the furniture to the railroad head and put it on the railroad...on a boxcar and moved out to Dundon, and the truck picked them up and moved them to Bentree. But the hog had to be moved separately, see. Ahh, it was a big hog. It must have been--gosh it must have been a three- or four-hundred pound hog. Big one; big ole hog. So, we built the box on the sled--that crate to put it in. Then we had to build it in the door of the barn, see, because we couldn't move the sled. The only thing we had to build it with was a hatchet--we didn't even have a saw. When we got the crate built, then we got in the barn and got the hog into the crate that way see. It went up to the door and then went up in that crate. Then we nailed the boards across it until it couldn't get out. We left there with the horse hooked to the sled and took it all the way out on the ridge to where we could get to the truck and then of course my dad and Elmer came back. Elmer Dobenspeck came by and picked the hog up on the truck. Denvil took the horse back to the farm--just turned it loose. We had sold the farm and the horse, and everything went with it see.
The family, if I remember right, had left on Friday morning early. And they had a big coal stove, and you didn't build no fire and stove to cook. You didn't have no refrigerator--you didn't eat no leftovers. So, when they got up and moved, we moved the stove without building a fire. Because you couldn't put the stove on the sled and move it to the railroad. And there was no breakfast; and when lunch time come there was no dinner and when supper time come.... There was just the two of us there working on that hog crate. It was in April; I believe we moved on the first day of April. I can't remember for sure.
Mike: How did you move that sled?
Damon: The horse pulled the sled.
Mike: There wasn't any snow on the ground?
Damon: Oh no, but it had runners. It was built with these sleds that you could pull on dry ground with a horse. Of course, there was a lot of friction--a lot of pulling, but that's why they did it. They put what they called hatch souls on the sled. And when they wore off, you put another one on it, see. It would pull up on the rocks, wear out, you put them on a wooden pole. The old sled was heavy, and you put something like a hog on it--it was something to pull, but that's way that you went, see. But getting back to my story about eatin'. By Friday evening we were really getting desperate for something to eat.
Mike: They hadn't left you anything to eat?
Damon: Nooo. Never left a thing. And we hadn't eaten since I guess Thursday evening. So, we still had Saturday (Friday night and Saturday). And then that old house: they wasn't even a throw rug; there wasn't.... When you get a house completely empty, there was nothing in it, not a thing, but a fireplace. The only thing you did was lay on the floor, the hearth of a fireplace.
Denvil took the hatchet (we had one hatchet). It was in the spring of the year you know the sap coming up. He went around to the end of the field and cut some bark off a birch tree. A birch tree has a real thick pith in it when the sap's coming up. We scraped it off, you could eat it. It wasn't filling, but you could eat some of the bark. And then Saturday morning come, and we were still hungry. Then we was all day getting that sled out on what we call Tripp Ridge. We had to go down cross the creek and up the hill to get to the top the hill. Then Daddy and Elmer come there, along up in the evening, and backed up to the bank. And we finally got that hog in the truck. Denvil had taken the old horse back to the farm and took the harness off it and just turned it loose in the field.
Mike: Did you go back with him?
Damon: No, I stayed there with the hog, while he went back and turned to horse lose in the field. Looking at our age, there wasn't a whole lot I could do to help him. Now, I'd like to see a 14-year-old boy now build a crate and put a hog in it and take it out on that road.
Mike: He took the horse back and then came back and met you there?
Damon: Yeah, it was a pretty good little jump--you know you had to go out that ridge, then you went down the hill and made these back turns down that hill. Until you got to the railroad track, crossed the railroad track, crossed the Creek, and over into the ole homeplace. And then you had to go all the way up through it, out to the old barn we had (I didn't go with him, but I'm sure he did go up there and unharness the horse. Kind of hard for someone no bigger than that, you know, to harness and unharness a horse).
08:08 [DEWv1: Walter & Bertha family move into a sawmill house in Bentree (08:08-09:00)]
Mike: That was when you moved to Bentree?
Damon: Bentree, right.
Mike: Was that house already there in Bentree?
Damon: No. We moved in a little house up the holler. It was just an old sawmill house that they built for sawmill employees...and you know what they look like. Cats...you'd shut the doors and cats come in and out with the door shut! They would, really to goodness, the cats coming in and out with the door shut. Course, the one we lived in up on Buffalo wasn't any better. If you went in and out in it, the cats and dogs could go in.
09:00 [DEWv1: Walter & Bertha operate hardware store in Clay (Pisgah) (09:00-10:46)]
Mike: They must have gotten that property from Albert?
Damon: Come through Grandpa some way. See, when that depression hit back in the 30's ('32 probably when it got bad), and Daddy and Mom run a little store down in "Piskee" [Pisgah]. I've got some labels here. Workman, what was it called, Workman Lumber and Hardware, I believe it was called…
Mike: Where was it?
Damon: Over at Clay, across the [Elk} river, in what was called Piskee. I've heard them talk about it, of course, that was before I was ever born. Daddy made window facings and door facings. Sold roofing and stuff of that nature, you know. Kind of like, people didn't buy all that stuff put together back then. But when that depression hit, he had bought goods from the wholesale places in Charleston and then credited it out. Well, people when they lost their jobs, they quit paying. So, he couldn't pay for his--they just foreclosed, what they call foreclosing on him. They just come up and took everything they had. I've heard my mother tell it, they just come there and set kegs of nails and windows and whatever it was in the store, they set it out on street and sold it for whatever they could get out it. Then they owed the rest. So, they had to just move out.
10:46 [DEWv1: Albert gave Buffalo Creek farm to Walter & Bertha (10:46-11:32)]
And then when they did that... of course, my thoughts are that Grandpa didn't want to put up with them, so he just moved them up on that old farm. Now whether Grandpa gave them the farm or whether...I don't see how they could have bought it. They were just too poor to have bought it. I just kinda figured he just gave it to them to get rid of them. See, we moved up there when Dale was just a baby, and he was born in 1930. So, we must have moved up there by the spring, early spring of '31, I'd say probably.
11:32 [DEWv1: Hardships on the Buffalo Creek farm; food storage problems (11:32-19:31)]
Damon: Boy, that was a rough place to move into when we moved up there. And the windows, a lot of them were out of the house, and no barn, no outbuildings, and fence and all.... The people that lived there before just burnt up everything they was for firewood. There wasn't a thing around...
Mike: This is up what's called Sangamore?
Damon: No, that was up Buffalo, up from Dundon. When we moved there. I can just remember sketches of it--and by the time I got old enough to remember the details and stuff. I can remember when Doyle was born, and I'm about five years older than him--I guess pretty close to it. But you know how when you're young, you just remember the little details and stuff like that. And Mom and Daddy wasn't farmers. To be a farmer back in those day and times you had to know something more than just going out there and plantin' corn and potatoes. You had to know how to preserve them and how to put them up, and how to keep them after you got stuff raised...you didn't have no jars to can 'em in. That's what happened to a lot of people back then on a farm. They'd go out there and raise a crop, but when fall come, they didn't know what to do with it. If you didn't know how to take care of it, in little while you didn't have nothing to eat. The big skill in farming is taking care of what you raise...a whole like today is taken care of your money. Mom strung beans and put them up in the attic and dried them...didn't have jars to can 'em in. String them up on thread, hang them up in the attic, and they'd dry and we'd cook (we'd call them leather breeches) And they wasn't bad either. And she had two three churns that she would put to kraut, pickles, and stuff like that in. See, you didn't have the jars like people's got now. People's even quit canning now, you might say. Mae used to can using every jar she had; she'd can something in it. We didn't have the jars back then. Even if you had, you couldn't can, because the lids were no good. You had them ole lids with a rubber band on them, you know, and you'd work yourself to death and can something up, then it would spoil.
14:31
We had a neighbor there who showed us how to bury apples. Dig a big ditch and put leaves in there and put all the apples in, and then cover them up with leaves, and then cover them up with dirt. And one of the rules: you didn't open the apples ‘til Christmas. Then you start eatin’ at the bottom. Boy, they were good. And you buried your potatoes. You always buried them on the hill--dig a ditch up and down the hill. You didn't want to do dig where the water would stand in.
Mike: You'd bury them right in the dirt?
Damon: Oh, yeah, we would dig a ditch right up hill. Took the plow, don't mean you just take a mattock and shovel. Then us kids would take hoes and dig ‘em up and put leaves in there, put your potatoes all in there. Then cover it up with leaves then take your dirt and put it back over it all. Keep from freezing. It wouldn't grow; it was too cold. The ground would be too cold for it to grow. And you could leave those potatoes in there to all winter, if you had them buried right, Bury your cabbage and potatoes and apples. There's lots of stuff you could bury in the ground and preserve ‘til…. Made it real nice to go out there in February or March and get you a big bucket of potatoes and cook them. Or the apples or anything, some good eatin’ then. Of course, now in summer you didn't want for anything hardly. You had plenty of stuff to eat.
The same way with raising a hog or a beef or anything like that. A lot of people could raise a cow or raise a hog, but when they killed it, they couldn't do nothing with it, you see. If you killed the hog up in November, come two or three warm days your meat spoiled. With no refrigeration, there wasn't nothing to do with it. So, you waited till winter, ‘til the weather got really, really cold (usually after Christmas). Daddy had picked the coldest day in the year to kill a hog. And you killed the hog and cleaned it up and hung it. Hang it up by its back legs up on a scaffold, wash it down real good, and hopefully that night it would freeze just like a brick. Once that hog really froze good (and they claim that got all the body heat and everything out) that would save a lot better. If you killed a hog and let a warm day come, it'd spoil on you. You didn't have no jars to can it in, hardly.
Mike: Did you ever use salt to cure it?
Damon: Well, they could put salt on it, and they used to get a barrel, and make brine. Kept the flies away from it. That's what spoiled meat so bad. Flies would bite it or lay eggs in the meats and then start spoiling.
18:20
I don't how those people back years and years ago [survived]...because you know you see movies and stuff you know where they got big dinners. I don't know how they preserved all their food. Because you had no way of canning and putting it up. If you had a big cellar big enough was a way of preserving a lot of stuff. But to build a cellar properly.... We had an old cellar that it had been there (like I said every outbuilding had been burned down for firewood). and Mom's uncle came, Uncle Marshall and he helped us restore that old cellar--and put a door on it, build a roof over it. The rocks are still there in the hill and of course you know what a cellar back in the hill is. Then you could keep potatoes and apples and stuff in that cellar. But before we had that, we put them in the ground and kept them.
19:31 [DEWv1: Events leading to move from Swandale to Maysel to Buffalo Creek (19:31-22:10)]
Mike: I want to understand the sequence of when you guys moved on to Buffalo.
Damon: Okay. When our time was up on Buffalo…
Mike: No. Before moving to Buffalo. Where'd you come from?
Damon: Well, Daddy and Mom, really, I think that when they got married, they lived up at Swandale, in that area. Daddy worked at Swandale on the mill awhile. Then he left, and of course Grandpa Mullins and his family is all from in there around Maysel on the other side of Clay. And Daddy went there and worked for him a while and he was just one of them--worked awhile and off awhile. So, he finally (now this is all before, just what I heard, that they had got this little business started, see). I believe Doyle still got some of those, and I did have some labels on stuff. I can't remember for sure whether it said Workman's Hardware and Lumber or Lumber and Hardware. Then they had a little business, but when Depression hit, they went under. They had to move. You couldn't live there unless you had...
Mike: That was at Swandale?
Damon: No, that was at Clay. So, they had to move and that's when they moved to the farm. And they stayed up there...they just wasn't nothing.
20:01
Mike: How'd they ever find that place? [Buffalo Creek)
Damon: Grandpa, way back in his times, it was in the Mullins family. The Mullins owned some property up in there and on up to the dairy farm the Mullins used to own that. But this ole farm there that Daddy and Mom live on was back in the Mullins family, back in the turn of century around 1900. Mom said she could remember standing there and watching when they started that railroad when they come up the Buffalo surveying to build that railroad, that was in 1904, I believe. See, she'd have been six years old, I believe. And they (Mullins) lived up there at that time. Grandpa just moved wherever he could get a few days work, just like everybody else did. You didn't have steady employment anywhere.
22:10 [DEWv1: Events leading to move from Buffalo Creek to Bentree (19:31-22:10)]
Daddy, he made coffins or whatever he could do. And once in a great while, Grandpa would get a little job and he would go and work for him a while, see. So, as the depression (as we know it) moved on and got up into the later '30's, Grandpa had moved to Bentree and put in sawmill. Daddy went over there and looked like they was going to have pretty good work, see. So, they had old company houses and an old sawmill. Mom went to work for Grandpa in the store. And the family moved to Bentree.
Mike: Was the store right in front of the house?
Damon: No, the store was across the road where the gas station was.
Mike: Okay, but was there a store in front of the house
Damon: There was, but it was closed. It was Odell's. See, we lived up the hollow there to start with.
23:24 [DEWv1: Bentree house and store (23:24)]
We moved from up there in the hollow down to the place where you know'd, just about the time that Denvil went into the army. We worked on that ole house and if I'm not badly mistaken, we had a project remodeling, building a room on it, when Denvil left to go in the service. And then they bought that from the O'Dell's. Of course, they lived there the rest of their life. I don't know if that old house is still standing up there in Sangamore, that we lived in up there. It was just one of them ole houses they built you know. ??? and nailed a window or two in it. It was a horrible place to move into. Wasn't any worst than what we moved from.
24:28 [DEWv1: Albert’s sawmills in Bentree; railroad in Bentree (24:28-25:38)]
Mike: Now, the sawmill...
Damon: …was on up the hollow. They had one sawmill up the hollow, on up Sangamore. And then they had one sawmill down the hard road, on down there below where you lived.
Mike: Which Pat ran.
Damon: Yeah.
Mike: I remember that. Going down there and playing in the sawdust.
Damon: Yes. ‘Cross the railroad track. All that's gone now. We went up through there the other day, and I told Mae (along down there where Fitzwater’s lived…you know where Fitzwater’s lived) from there on down I said, "Can you believe used to be a railroad that went right around that hill there? I mean real close to the creek. I rode the train up and down through there. And you had to look hard to even see the imprint of where there was a railroad over there. it's just fell in, the logs rotted, and this and that--it's just about gone away. Most certainly didn't look like there was ever a railroad up around there.
25:38 [DEWv1: Railroad along Buffalo Creek; community of Adair (25:38-28:16)]
Up there on Buffalo, back in the days they built that railroad there, they just cut out barely enough room for to build a railroad. And we walked to school up there. There was a little community with a one room school.
Mike: Where was the school?
Damon: Up at Adair. That's an old community, Adair was. Mom's got people buried at Adair, that goes way back.
Mike: I don't know where Adair is, all right.
Damon: Okay. To go to it really, you'd go over to Clay, and go out that Triplet Ridge Road a couple or three miles. Turn to the right. Go down and you come down off the hill onto the creek on to Buffalo. You'd be at Adair, then you'd come on down Buffalo about another three quarters of a mile toward that old farm we had bought, see. Then from that farm on down to Clay was about four miles. But then of course we walked up to Adair to school. And there's a little railroad section there at Adair. All the way up the railroad, there were sections...ever so many miles they'd have...you know what a railroad section is. About four or five houses and about 4 or 5 men and their families lived in ‘em. They was the ones who kept the railroad up in that section. Of course, their kids went to school there and what scattered few people was there. Had a little one room school there. Me and Eddie went back in there, one time later, after Eddie was grown and worked for Pittston Coal Company. He was land agent there for Pittston Coal Company. We went back up there. There wasn't a stick of nothing there—maybe a gate post and that was about all. but we did go in that cemetery and some pretty nice stones.
Mike: Are they marked?
Damon: Oh, yeah. A lot of them are—of course, a lot of them or not. I talked to Carl Wilson here some time ago and he said they still was still running it. Old timers wanted to be put to rest back in there where their people were.
Mike: Was Adair on the map?
28:16
Damon: I doubt it. I've got a Clay County map [probably meant a USGS topo map] in there and can show you that old house. It's on that map. Right on that Clay County map. Go out Triplet Ridge, to Chestnut Knob and we lived right across the creek from Chestnut Knob. I remember that well. It's on that map. I'll look at it in a little bit and see if Adair is on it.
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• Denvil getting corn ground at Rhodes’s Grist Mill
• Harvesting corn, feeding livestock, raising crops; Walter not a farmer
• Damon went to Independence then Clay HS when they moved to Bentree; riding school bus
00:06
00:13 [DEWv2: Denvil getting corn ground at Rhodes’s Grist Mill (00:13-05:22)]
Mike: You told me a story one time about Dad [Denvil] when he went to get some grain...that was obviously before you moved.
Damon: Took the corn to the mill--yeah, we lived there on Buffalo. I can't put that year together, but we lived there...I'm guessing he would have been seven or eight, maybe nine or ten years old. I was about five years younger than him. I'm just guessing, I'd have been about five, four or five and he'd have to have been nine or ten. But you had to peel or shell the corn When you farmed your corn and brought it in you laid the very best years back for seed, then the next best for meal, then the next you fed your livestock. So, we had our corn, and it had to be real dry before grinding in the mill.
Mike: It was corn that you raised right there?
Damon: Yeah, oh yeah.
Mike: How much would you have had in a season?
Damon: Oh, how many acres or loads? I don't know. You'd raise all the corn you could raise. We always had the need for corn, see.
01:36
We'd bring that corn in and hang it up on the walls, the fireplace.
Mike: Right in the house?
Damon: Oh, yeah, get it dry. When that corn hung there for so many weeks or days, we decided it was ready. Well, you'd shell the corn. Some called it peeling, but you shelled the corn off the cob onto a sheet. And we'd all sit around that sheet and shell corn. Burnt the cobs. That's what you used for lights, to burn the cobs and sell the corn. Then when you got it all shelled, you put it in two sacks. Balanced it, see; put it in two sacks. Then at daylight the next morning, they put Denvil on the horse and the bags of corn across the horse.
Mike: No saddle on the horse?
Damon: I can't remember. I doubt if he had a saddle on at all. I don't think so. But he started to the mill. Gosh, the mill was...the meal would have been...I mean you're going five or six miles up to that mill.
Mike: Is it up the creek?
Damon: Yeah, you went up the creek and then up what was called Dog Run. A Fellow up there by the name of Rhodes had a grist mill where you ground corn.
Mike: That right on the creek?
Damon: It was right beside it. But I believe maybe he used a gasoline engine then. But a lot of these corn grinders had waterways.
03:19
But anyway, they ground corn for you, and then you had to wait your turn. If you got there at certain time and there's somebody ahead of you, you waited till it come your turn to get the corn ground. Then the man unloaded and took the corn off and measured it. Then he took his toll out of it, see. He took about a third of it, to grind it. So, when he got it ground and put it back in the sacks and put it back on the horse, Denvil started back home. It was probably well, well up in the afternoon by then.
Mike: So, he would have had two big burlap sacks....
Damon: And then when you started back, you just had two small bags of mill.
04:12
And we were really, really looking forward to having some bread, see. Wood--had excess wood cut for the wood burning stove you know, and all that waiting for him. And we waited, and waited, and waited, and then every little while you went to the living room to look out the window. You could only see a little ways out in the road then around the hill, see. And we waited until dark; he never come back, see. So, Mom, she really got upset, or Daddy got upset really. He went and got his own coat on, got the lantern, and put kerosene in it and started out. And he said I'll bet you when I find him that I'll teach him how to come home. So, he started out to look for him, and he got around to the end of the farm, and it was what we call the "big gate". That's where an ole big gate was.
05:14
There were nails and all that stuff in the fence post, you know. when he [Denvil] got to the big gate and got off and opened the gate and brought the horse through, a nail caught the sack of meal and tore a hole in it. So, he just put his hand over that. And he couldn't get the horse to go, with him beside of the horse. I guess it was afraid of stepping on him or something. And he kicked the horse and tried to get it to go and all that. The horse just kind of turned around and around with him, see, and he was trying to get it to head on out.
Mike: What time of day was this; it would have been night?
Damon: This would have been dark or by dark. He kept waiting for somebody to come to his rescue. Because if he turned that sack loose, all the corn (he couldn't get it off the horse), all the meal's goin' to run out. So, Daddy got his lantern lit, all this, and went to hunt for him. And he found him, and of course, he got the sack up off the horse and whatever else he did. He came back with the horse and the sack of meal. And I know it was snowing, and snow just looked like it was going crossways, you know. And we were all at the window watching. We seen the lantern coming back. We was all looking for them. We figured he really thrashed him good, see, for being gone so long. And he just told my mother to take him in the house and put his feet and hands in water ‘cause they might have been frozen. But they weren't. Of course, he'd been walking around and around that horse. But the horse wouldn't go on to the house with him...if he'd have gotten completely behind it or in front of it, it probably would have. But he couldn't get the horse to get go like that. Anyway, they got the meal unloaded and the sack in the house, baked the cornbread and all of that...they was whole lot to it but.... I can remember my dad had big old beards, real heavy, you remember. And he only shaved once a week or maybe not even that. Ya didn't have anything really to shave with, you know, hardly, back in those days. An ole straight razor. And there's big tears comin' out of his eyes and run down into the beard, you know. Boy, there's something bad wrong with my dad. I'd never seen him cry before. I thought there's something really, really happened to him. I guess he had really bad-mouthed Denvil for not coming back home and got out there and found that he was trying to preserve the meal, I guess. But anyway, we got the bread baked just like a real feast.
Mike: It probably wasn't snowing when he left in the morning?
Damon: Oh, no. No, it wasn't snowing that morning, but it was cold and began to snow.
Mike: So, that was like in November?
Damon: Oh, no. It'd been on up in, very likely, in January.
09:20 [DEWv2: Harvesting corn, feeding livestock, raising crops; Walter not a farmer (09:20-12:00)]
See you cut corn, then you shucked it. Then you went through and shucked it. Took your corn out of shuck. And put it on a sled and brought it in, and that's where you graded it when you brought your corn into the barn. You always picked out the very best corn to have to plant the next spring. Then the next best for your meal and rest for the stock for your hogs. Gosh, you keep an ole horse there on the farm, you had to feed it 12 months a year--they'd eat up a lot of corn.
You couldn't deny it its keep through the winter you know because you had to keep the ole horse together, because the next spring he was gonna start plowing.
Mike: Did you have hay?
Damon: Yeah, some, and more oats. And the horses and cows eat a lot of the corn, what we called fodder. You know after you took the corn off this, we'd put that in and they'd chew around and eat it. We didn't have a lot of hay. Most of the hay they cut back in those days, they cut it with a mowin' scythe.
10:52
O’ course, some of them ole farmers could do pretty good with that. But my dad wasn't really a good farmer. But I've seen people that can take these old, big scythes and a field. Mae's dad could take one of them scythes and come around you know. And go back and come around again. When he went all the way to the end of that field, they'd just be a row of hay a layin’ there... or oats or whatever it was. Then cut another row, another row, another row. Then when you got that field cut, why you'd go through and rake it. Or if it was oats, of course, you’d tie it in bundles, usually and brought ‘em. And the hay, you just raked it up and stacked it up right in the field. You know, they'd lay down some fence rails or something there and just start putting that hay around stacking it up in stacks.
12:00 [DEWv2: Damon went to school at Independence then Clay HS when they moved to Bentree; riding the school bus (12:00-15:04)]
Mike: Now, you were fairly young?
Damon: Yeah, I was nine. So that'd been 1937. I was born in 1928.
Mike: Where did you go to school?
Damon: Up at Independence. Right at the top of Independence Mountain...had an old two-room school up there: Independence. And it stayed open till after I started high school.
Mike: How did you get over there? Did they have school buses?
Damon: They had a school bus.
Mike: Then you went to Clay High School?
Damon: Um. Spent a big part of my life on a school bus between Bentree and Clay and back. Gosh, I think we left every morning around seven. Ole school bus—and he'd never get the thing out of first gear...I mean it was just slow. And then every house you stopped at, you waited for the kids to come and get on the bus, you know. It wadn't nothing for kids that lived along...they'd stay right in the house until the school bus pulled up and stopped. They knew they'd come on out the house with their dinner buckets, and their coats half on, and the bus driver couldn't leave ‘til they all got on. You know, they'd go on to the next house, the same thing again. Man, it was a long trip from Bentree to Clay.
Mike: Yeah, it's a big trip even today.
Damon: Now, them school buses…you'd meet them runnin' 55-60 miles an hour. He had an old big '35 International. I guess it had a fourth gear on it--I don't know whether he ever got in it. SLOW. Boy, just creep, creep up them mountains, you know, and down the other side. Had to run it down the other side in low gear, because the braking system and all that wasn't good on them.
Mike: Probably take at least an hour to get over there?
Damon: Oh, gosh, yeah more than that. School took up, I believe, at nine. And you know we'd usually have a few minutes after getting there. I think we left from Bentree at seven o'clock. See, it's a pretty good little jump to Clay. If I remember right, when we got to Bickmore, then there's another bus come out of there. So, when we got to Bickmore, then we had clear sailin' on to Clay.
15:04
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• Walter made coffins for the locals
• Uncle Washy Mullins’s funeral story
00:00
Damon: Wasn't very much in farming. You know, back in those days, the biggest thing ya lived off of was the farm.
00:10 [DEWv3: Walter made coffins for the locals (00:10-03:00)]
Mike: You said he made coffins or something like that?
Damon: Oh, yeah, he built coffins...see back in those days, a lot of people, old people, they would have maybe a tree on their farm, or go and pick out their lumber for a coffin. And lay it up in the barn. A lot of those old timers…you'd go and look up in the barn and their coffin lumber would be up there, see. A lot of those old timers did that back then.
Mike: They'd have taken that to a sawmill to have it...?
Damon: Or go to the sawmill and get it; or take a log there and have it cut. Some people maybe would take a log and have it cut into their caskets, their coffins. And they'd have it all dried and ready, and everything, see. And then you got right up to the time when they died. Well, they'd bring that lumber to you, and you'd start shaving her down.
Mike: So, Grandpa made coffins?
Damon: Yeah. Mom would line 'em; put that ole blue stuff in it. I don't what it was...some kinda real cheap lining. You put it with tacks inside. Make it look real soft and nice. I can remember them making 'em. That porch was just high enough--just right for Daddy to stand and use that big ole hand plane, you know, planing the lumber. And he'd plane that lumber down, according, you know, ever how big the man was...how long to make it. And it was small at the bottom, you know, made just like you see coffins.
02:09
Damon: What did you say baby doll?
Mae: Tell them about the time that people stole the meat out of the house. [This story was told later.]
Damon: The ones that could afford it would put handles on 'em and hinges that of nature, you know. They'd open the lid up, you know (that was the fancy ones). But a lot of 'em didn't go that far. They'd just make it and lay the lid down beside of it, and when they got ready to put them in the ground, they just picked the lid up, put on there and nailed it on. And you're done. I mean that was, in other words, several dollars cheaper (or a few dollars wouldn't have to be several, but a little bit).
03:00 [DEWv3: Uncle Washy Mullins’s funeral story (03:00-05:44)]
Damon: I know I went one time, and I can remember that bothered me forever so long. Kids back then didn't have as many things to think about as they do now, you know. When they buried Uncle Washy (that was Mom's uncle).
Mike: What was his last name?
Damon: Mullins. And he died and they laid him out (as they called it back then). Some of the people just come in, shaved him, or whatever they did, put his suit on him.
Mike: Now, they didn't embalm or anything?
Damon: Oh no. They just put them in the box.
Mike: And when they died you probably would have had the wake or viewing right then?
Damon: Yeah.
Mike: Right there the next day, right?
Damon: Well, within a couple days, when they got them ready. And they said all Uncle Washy had was his watch--he had a watch with a chain on it.
Mike: What was his real first name?
Damon: They call him Uncle Washy. I don't know...Washington, or what they called him.
04:09
He had about four boys, and looking back, there was about three of them that were illiterate. The oldest one I think he had worked, went away maybe, had worked a little bit or something like that. But they couldn't agree on who was going to get the watch. (That's what my dad told me later, and I was just a little kid.) But the yard, you set up here on the bank, and looked right down on the porch where the coffin was, see. And the preacher got ready to preach the little, short funeral. Daddy had the nails and the hammer. They put the lid on it. And this oldest boy came up and knelt down beside of his dad's casket. He took that watch out (he had a vest on you know and that chain went across that vest). He took that watch out, and set it, and wound it. Boy, you could hear a pin drop, there wasn't nobody sayin' a word--nobody never said a thing. And he wound that watch, and set it, and put it back in his pocket, pulled his coat back over it, and they nailed the lid on it. Took him to the graveyard and put him in it. And that bothered me for years after that. I wondered how long that watch run, why they put that watch in there why didn't they....
Mike: They couldn't agree, couldn't...
05:44
Damon: But I didn't know that, see. I just thought what a waste it was to bury that watch, because that poor ole guy wouldn't never know what time...why, he couldn't check it anyway, you know. They put that watch right in his pocket and sealed him up in that box, nailed the lid on it.
Mike: So, would Grandpa have made that coffin?
Damon: Um uh. [Yes] Now some of the coffins he made, they put handles on them. Some of them they didn't--they carried the box. Usually, they'd put it on a wagon or a sled or something. Take it right to the graveyard, ya know, and put it in the ground and bury it.
Mike: So, when did he make that? Was he in that business when you were on Buffalo or was that before?
Damon: No, that was while we was up on Buffalo. Mike, there's all kinds of pop to drink.
Mike: Yeah, I'll get some.
Damon: What kind do you want? What do you want Brenford?
-
• Damon and Mae discussing these stories
• Buffalo Creek house: butchering the hog; someone stealing it
00:00
Mae: Damon, tell all those stories.
Damon: I know what she is talking about now.
Mae: Damon, tell all them good things!
Damon: Oh, stop, that’s a bad story.
Mae: Tell all them good things, because those grandkids and great grandkids will get a big kick out of it.
Damon: You tell it!
00:23 [DEWv4: Slaughtered hog stolen from house on Buffalo Creek farm, outside Damon’s bedroom (00:23-03:09)]
Damon: Back on the farm when it got cold weather, it would come time to kill your hogs. You always had a meat house to put it in. You always waited to the very coldest part of the winter, kill your hog, and hang it up so that it would freeze. My dad went and got this man to come and help. Daddy wasn’t a very good farmer, when it came to cutting up and killing hogs. He came, and they killed this hog and hung it up and washed it down real good. It froze that night, you see. So, the next day they cut it up…what they call quartering it. Cut it in four quarters, cut the middle part and the backbone and the tenderloin and all this. And they worked on it a long time. They were getting it cut up like it is supposed to be. They salted it real good and put it on this table. Well, the room is built right on the edge of the porch, the back porch. And mine and Denvil’s bedroom was right again that wall.
Mike: Where was this, up on Buffalo?
Damon: Up on Buffalo. In other words, I was sleeping right against the wall, and on the other side of the wall this meat was stored on that table. The whole hog it would be…never eat a slice of it, see. The whole entire hog was there on it. So along in about the middle of the night, something woke me. I was about 5 or 6 years old. And when I woke up, I could hear them pulling that meat off the table. Big hams and shoulders and stuff and taking out of the door, of the meat house on the porch, see. They carried that entire hog away that night. The next morning when we got up, why I jumped up and went in the kitchen. Well, you see when you went out the kitchen, you went out on the back porch right close—went right in that meat house. I run in the kitchen, and Mom had her butcher knife and big old dish pan. She was going out there to cut some of that fresh meat for breakfast, see. And I asked her what she was going to do, and she said told me. And I told her, “There ain’t no meat out there. Somebody stole it all last night.” She told me I was dreaming, see. And they lit the lantern and went out the back door and opened the meat house door. There wasn’t a thing there. They stole the entire hog, every bit of it. Took it all.
03:09
Mae: Tell about the hog and your mother and the dog that caught the hog.
Damon: Oh, no, Mae.
Mae: Oh, yeah, tell her about that and then the other one about Denvil working at school…do that and the other….and about your Grandma Mullins that went sangin’ [ginseng hunting], and all that.
Mike: That one is too long. We will get it later.
Damon: The time the people stole the hog, that was end of the hog stuff. We didn’t have any more hogs. Not for that winter.
-
• Damon and Bertha feeding the hog
• Bertha inadvertently “riding” the hog
00:00 [DEWv5: Feeding hog; Bertha inadvertently “riding” it (00:00-02:45)]
Damon: Back in those days and times, you didn’t keep you hogs on the farm and feed them through the summer. You put them out in the woods. They would eat off the mask [mast] in the woods: acorns, hickory nuts, and all that sort of thing. But you had to go out and feed them every so often, or they would go wild. So, we went out. It was mine and Mom’s time to go out and check the hogs. So, she took a bucket of corn, there was so much corn. We had a big ole collie dog. He went with us
So, the big mother hog, the big sow hog had a bell on. We could very faintly hear that bell, and we kept going closer and closer. As we got to it, that big ole hog had its front leg through that bell collar. It was just walking on three legs, and this leg was through that collar someway. It couldn’t get its leg out of that collar. Right up on the side of the mountain. So, Mom called the dog and said for him to catch that hog and hold it. Well, he really knew how to catch the hog. It would catch it and lay it right down on the ground, see, and hold it. He would catch it right in the mouth [Damon was using hand gestures to show Mike how] He would put it right down on the ground, and it would squeal and carry on and everything else, but it couldn’t move. It couldn’t get up.
So, Mom jumped on top of the hog, straddled the hog trying to get that bell collar loose, see. And then the dog let the hog loose. Down the mountain went Mom and the hog. She couldn’t get off and the hog…brush about beat her to death, see. The hog was just running on three legs. And boy she got drug off it after a while. We got on down the hill, and she called the dog and told it to catch it again. He caught it that time. She really laid that dog out good. She said, “I mean for you to hold that hog.” And he held it that time and she got that bell collar loose and got its foot out, see, and put it back on. We got almost home on our journey back to the house when she said, “Now you aren’t going to tell your dad about that are you?” I said, “No way!”
[So much laughing!!] But he said he knew it somehow.
02:45
Mae: Wasn’t there something about a snake…a snake that you and her were out one time…that you told me. And she did something…?
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• Caring for hogs in the wild
•Denvil and Damon in the snow; Damon had no shoes
•Branding hogs; gathering them for slaughter
00:00
Damon & Mae: Mae and Damon and Mike talking about pies, pop.
00:40
Damon: Mae was telling me, or Eddie was the one to tell…I cannot think of the old lady’s name and that is what you really ought to know. What her name was.
Mike: In Buffalo?
00:52 [DEWv6: Caring for hogs in the wild; Damon without shoes, in snow; branding livestock (00:52-07:10)]
Damon: Well, when we left…you had to go every so often and feed your hogs to keep them from going wild. Had to keep a bell on them. Hogs would go wild if you didn’t feed them and care for them a little while. Now cattle wouldn’t, of course. But we went up to take care of and feed the hogs. When we left home, I guess maybe along November or something around that time of year. We were getting ready to get them hogs rounded up to bring them in. You had to take them off what you call the mask [mast], bring them in and corn feed them so that the meat would be…wouldn’t be too strong. We started out that morning and went up through the Herman Nelson farm and out little Stinnett Ridge and over on to what they call Big Stinnett. Wasn’t a house, didn’t pass nobody’s house, see. By the time we got over there, there was about 3 or 4 inches of snow on the ground. When we left that morning there was no snow.
Mike: What time of year was that?
Damon: Along about in November, up next to Thanksgiving. Unusual. We got up there on that old farm, old L. B. Wood’s place on Big Stinnett. And the only thing that was on it from one little, tiny house. I don’t know if it was a…I guess a chicken house of some kind, very small. Wasn’t big enough to stand up in. So, Denvil put me in that little old house, and he went on, found the hog and then did whatever chores had to be done.
Mike: So, they wandered away that far?
Damon: Well, we knew about where they were at, you see. They took them and put them in the wood and let them eat, to keep from having to feed them. And you lost a lot of hogs that way, but you…well, you lost a few anyway.
Mike: How old were you at that point?
Damon: Oh, gosh, I would have been five or six. I didn’t have any shoes. So, when he came back, instead up going back up that hill like we had come down, that ridge, we went right down the creek. And there’s a road that is in the creek and out of the creek. And that is called Big Stinnett. And we went right down to where Big Stinnett and Little Stinnett met—it wasn’t too far. Right in the very fork of that creek was a little old tiny house. Some woman lived there…I cannot think what her name was. But when I got to there, he left me. He said it was very plain to see that I couldn’t go on—I didn’t have any shoes. Snow was 6 inches deep by then, you see. So, I had to stay there with that old lady. Denvil went on home, and for some reason they did not come back for me for a day or two. But I think it was the next day they came back and brought the horse. Back in those days and times, you didn’t start wearing shoes until it was absolutely necessary. I went out that day without any shoes on. Probably didn’t have any, but anyway got caught in that snow, and he left me over there.
Mike: Did you go out to bring the hogs back?
Damon: No, what they really did…what their theory was in that hog business. See if you had ten head of hogs say, you couldn’t hardly raise enough feed to keep them all…not on the kind of farm we had. Just keep them all through the summer, and you cannot kill them in the summer because there was no refrigeration. No way to keep the meat, see. So, we would take the hogs out into the woods where there was good mask [mast] and put bells on the old hogs because they weren’t near as apt to go wild as the younger hogs. Then you went back to them every so often and feed them a little bit of corn. You did this and that to them to keep them.
Mike: You didn’t tie them up or anything?
Damon: No, just took them out there, and like I said sometimes you lost a few.
Mike: You probably didn’t brand them, wouldn’t have done any good anyway.
Damon: We had a brand. Everybody had a brand and our brand was…I can remember that. You cut the very end of their ears off, and it was called a smooth crop. And when we moved up there the farmers gave us our markings, two smooth crops. You cut both ears off. Where their ears went out sharp, just cut it off. A lot of them had a smooth crop and a swallow fork that was a V-cut out of the bottom of the ear. Everyone had a...I cannot remember all of them, but you cut the ends off the ear and then cut a V back in. All kinds of markings. Now the cattle they put the marking on them with an iron, you know.
Mike: Did you have cattle, too?
Damon: Yeah, but we never did have that many. We’d let the cattle run out some, but never let them wander off that far.
Mike: Did you have a milk cow?
Damon: Well, you couldn’t let a milk cow get wild...you have to keep them on the farm, see. And your younger cows wouldn’t survived like a hog would in the woods. See, hogs could survive, if you were in a real good place.
07:10 [DEWv6: Hogs eating chestnuts; prep for slaughter (07:10-09:09)]
Damon: Of course, by that time I was old enough to remember there wasn’t very many chestnuts. Not like it used to be—chestnuts were on their way out. But they would find a big old snag, usually where a chestnut tree had died. A bunch of sprouts would come up around there, and they would have chestnuts on them. There was still a lot of chestnuts in the woods then. And them old hogs would eat those things until they just laid down and eat them. I have seen them lay down and eat them chestnuts and they would just run out of their mouth. They liked them so well. And of course, hickory nuts, acorns, and stuff. But then if you killed a hog, butchered a hog, where it had been in the wood like that, they called wild mask [mast]. Then their meat was strong. The meat would be wild and strong. So, you keep on them hogs. You went up and checked on them and fed them a little bit. Then along about the time of year you would start bringing them in, putting them in the hog pen or barn a lot. You would start with the ones you were going to mark for slaughter. You would start feeding them corn (oats or corn), but mostly corn, of course. And that would sweeten the meat. And when they begin to gain. I didn’t know all about that, but they said you had to get the hog on the mend. You had their weight goin’ up, then you killed or butchered it.
09:09 [DEWv6: Eating meat in the summertime (09:09-09:48)]
Mike: I can understand hogs in the wintertime and taking care of food, but what did you do during the summertime? Did you hunt?
Damon: Oh yeah! But….
Mike: So, you didn’t eat a lot of meat in the summer?
Damon: No, you did not eat a lot of meat in the summer! The only thing you could eat in the summer was something you could kill and eat it all at one time. Like a…I can remember Daddy killing a little old mutton a time or two. Sheep, but there wasn’t anybody that liked them. Did you ever eat a mutton?
Mike: Yeah, I kinda like some lamb.
09:48 [DEWv6: Hunting small game; deer was scarce; deer re-population effort (09:48-13:15)]
Damon: [Chuckling!] There might be some of it, but there was never a lot of lamb that I liked. But you could kill a chicken or something. And then of course hunting wasn’t good in the summer. You had to wait until fall for even your wild hunting. That is when the squirrels raised their little one and turkeys hatched out their…if you killed a turkey, it would be…. Have you heard of poorer than Job’s turkey? And then another thing I will tell you back in those days: squirrel population was heavy. Rabbits were heavy. But you hardly ever, ever seen a deer. Why a deer was almost unbelievable, seeing a deer then. I guess they killed them all out, I don’t know what happened to them. But it happened before I was old enough to remember. I can remember they talked about when the Legg’s, around Bickmore and Fola, bought some deer in. Conservation provided them with, I believe they said eight deer. They put two here and two there, and they got the deer started in that country. And then they did the same thing over all the other parts of the country. And of course, now the deer are so bad you cannot farm for them. Mae’s sister lives up there in Clay Country, and she cannot even raise a garden for the deer. They eat it up as fast as it comes up through the ground. Eats up her garden. We went over there one time into Clay County, and the part that we was in, they said that the biggest complaint about deer eating up their crops. See you could go in and file a complaint with the…get paid for the crops that the deer eat. But out in that section, every tree had a sign nailed on it said, “No Hunting.” They didn’t want you killing the deer, see. They wanted to be paid for the crops the deer eat up. It was pretty obvious that they hadn’t planted anything to start with. It beat all I ever seen.
Mike: It is one of those things that you over protect, and that is what they are doing in a lot of these cases now.
Damon: I never thought about deer getting that big, though, like it is here now. Three walked across our yard the other day. Back over in them places where they garden, back in Clay Country where they garden for a living. They garden for the benefit of the garden. We garden just to have good fresh vegetables. We didn’t…if you worked every day, you didn’t garden just because you had to, but because you wanted to. But there, back then, there was people that gardened because they had to make your meal come out of it.
13:15
Mike: Eat to live, right? What else was it she said? What was the other story she was talking about?
Damon: I don’t remember.
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• Roxie Mullins driving cattle from Tioga to Charleston.
• Digging ginseng in Twenty Mile, on return trip
• Winter revival meetings (staying with friends)
•Mullins get-together; live bear
00:00 [DEWv7: Roxie Mullins driving cattle from Tioga to Charleston; ginseng hunting on return trip (00:00-10:10)]
Damon: [In reference to family history] …back in those days, you could go and find out anything. But I wasn’t interested in it, you know, too much. They would tell me some stories and in the next day or two it was all gone….
Mike: Who was it that drove the cattle over to the Charleston area?
Damon: Oh, that was Grandma Mullins. That was Mom’s mother, Roxie. She was a Mullins and married a Mullins.
Mike: That was when she was little…
Damon: Oh, yeah, she was 14 to 16 years old. They lived up at Tioga and then Cowen, out on the other side of Summersville, in Cowen area. Not Cowen, but Calvin. Calvin is where the Mullins lived out there near Craigsville. Still a lot of Mullins out there you see. But she said her father, John, from all the history I can get, he never was very much of a worker anyway. He would rather make a living doing something else, you know, besides working. He’s leave out there, and you did not have those great big cattle drives like you see on television, big clouds of dust. You just had maybe 3 or 4 cows of your own and 3 or 4 of your neighbors. A dozen or two of cows was a pretty big cattle drive, see. And they would leave out there and come down through Summersville and down to Jerry’s Fork, across Jerry’s Fork and down Twenty Mile. Up through Dixie.
Mike: Would there have been any roads?
Damon: Well, there would have been some, but she didn’t mention much about the roads. Anyway, that’s the way they traveled. Turned up Bell Creek at Dixie, and there is a farm up there just as you got up Bell Creek there a bit. Smith’s—and there are still some of the same Smith family there right in the mouth of that big hollow. I don’t even know what it is called. Up there right about …not up as far as Doyle’s. You know where Anderson lived? Right about there by Anderson, that big hollow. Smiths lived there and they had a place where you could put your cattle in, fenced in area, and rest them for a day. Everybody would get a cooked meal. They would pay them so much for it, you see, and then they would leave and go on up to Bell Creek. And on out through a little village back in there, I forget what it is now.
Mike: Pond Gap?
Damon: Pond Gap. And then they would come on out there were the salt well was, by Belle, and that is where they would drive their cattle. Sometimes they had to hold there until the other people would get their cattle through, and then you would keep moving up. And she told me some man set up there on a fence. When your cattle went through, he would grade them. They did not weigh them. That would be worth a dollar or a dollar and a half. He graded them that way and all the cattle into…I guess they would ship them to Cincinnati, or different places for the markets. I don’t know where…but then they would do their buying at a trading post there. They would get their salt and gun powder and lead. She said she always bought the women’s goods—you know, their cloth and gingham and all that. She said when they got ready to leave to come back when….
Mike: So, they only got a buck or two a head?
Damon: Oh yeah! They didn’t get very much money out of it. A couple of dollars.
04:18
Damon: When they got their money out of them. Like his neighbor, if he had four cows, they sold them, and he would put the money in one pocket and somebody else’s in the other. His own money in another pocket. That way, he did not have to count it when he got back, see. Very well might be that he couldn’t count it—I don’t know. But she said when they got ready to leave, everybody knew that you had money, you know. And I suppose if you rode out of there with $25 you were sort of under a risk, you know. And she said her brother, Tillman, would ride out in front. He had a 30/30 lever action rifle. He had it laying up across the saddle, you see. You showed everybody you gun, that was your…. Then her dad would be in the middle. And she said Tillman was in the front with his 30/30. He was an expert marksman with it. She said when he was a squirreling, he would just shoot a squirrel in the head. He never hit it nowhere else, you know. And she said that she had a 22 rifle. She was riding her horse. I believe she said she had a 22 pump. She told what a good shot her brother was, and she said, “I wasn’t bad.” So, they put their dad in the middle and one out in front of him and one behind him. They rode out, and no one bothered them. Then after they rode on out to the mouth of Twenty Mile, right there where Bell Creek and Twenty Mile fork. She would tie her horse on the back of her dad’s horse. She would go right around that point and start Sangin’ [ginseng hunting]. Now, you think about a 16-year old girl….
Mike: That’s a good 40 miles, isn’t it?
Damon: I don’t know how many miles, but it would take days to “sang” up the roughs of Gauley. She said the advantage of sangin’ on the roughs—it wasn’t about sangin’, you see. You think about a girl sangin’ up around where that dam is built now, you know up in there. And she said one day when it became dark, when the night come, she would just get in a sink hole and maybe drag her some pine brush over the top of her or something, you know. Then stay until daylight. She told us she knew every berry you could eat, what bark you eat. She knew everything you could in the woods that would not poison you. She said, when they are sangin’ and digging, they are looking for a nut of sang, see another stalk. When you are hot, you are hot. She said she dug a big three point; looked over there, and there was four. And she be digging it and boy, she was in a hot patch of sang. About that time, she looked and there was a big old diamond back rattlesnake crawling up the hill. And she was a digging them four-prong sang. I kept waiting for her to tell what she did about the rattlesnake. So, after a little bit I asked her “Grandma, what about the rattlesnake?” And she said, “Oh, he wasn’t sangin.” She said as long as he wasn’t Sangin, she wasn’t bothering him.
Mike: No cutting in on her!
Damon: No, no cutting in on her trade. And the big old rattlesnake, he just crawled on up the hill. She said, “I was going the other way, anyway.” But you think about spending all that time goin’ up there sangin’…and then they would dry that sang. And when you got it dried it was worth a lot of money back then.
Mike: It still is.
Damon: Oh, gosh, yeah, I guess it has always been worth a lot of money. But they would dry it. I always wondered how they knew the difference between a sang root and a yellow root.
08:52
But they do. Boy, they can look at, they can pull that sang up and man if it is anything else, they can spot it right off.
Mike: It must have taken her weeks to get home then?
Damon: Oh, yeah, it would take her…she maybe even said how long it would take her. But it would take her two or three weeks. Maybe three to four weeks to get home. And then when she got home, all the spring plowin’ was done and the planting. You pretty much had most of the work done, you see. And then when they dried that sang and got ready to take their next drive, they would take it back to the market. She would take her sang with her and sell it. And that was what she bought all the women’s good with. The men had their problems: they bought salt, powder and lead and plow points and few things like that that they had to buy, you know. The women they had to provide their ginghams and laces and stuff to make their clothes with. And she usually bought that with her sang money.
10:10 [DEWv7: Winter revival meetings; Mullins family get-together (10:10-14:50)]
She said they went to these revival meetings in the wintertime when they didn’t have anything to do. They would take their…well, I guess they had to kinda be invited. But they would take their horse, couple of horses, depending on how many there were in the family. And their milk cow. And go over into another community where there was a revival meeting. Just move in with another. Stayed there and milked their cow and whatever needed to be done and eat with them, see. Till the meeting was over, and they went back home. And next one, the families would come to stay with them. Now that tradition still goes on in some religions. They go down…some of the people I worked with at the plant they would go to the Bahamas, what is it? They’d go down there. One fella there at the plant got killed, someone shot him and killed him down there.
Mike: Did you ever visit their place over there?
11:19
Damon: I never did. Never knowed anything about it, except…well, I never knowed nothing about it. But when I was in the army, my mother and dad went up there and took Mae with them. And they got a picture of all of them standing up. I will give you one of those pictures if I can think of it. Did you ever…you don’t have one of them do you?
[I have included a copy of this photo on the website. It was 1951.]
Mike: I don’t think so.
Damon: And while they were there, they had a Mullins get-together and all the Mullins come in there. And one of them had a bear, had it tied up and that bear got loose while they was there. And the dogs were barking at it and all that. That bear either broke the collar around its neck or done something and boy…they said people was climbing trees and getting on top of cars and trucks and everything else. They really scattered.
Mike: Now you had mentioned, I think, that Roxie had some Indian in her.
Damon: Oh, Grandma Mullins, I guess was probably…she was…she was…you wouldn’t call her a full-blooded Indian, but boy she had a lot of it, Yeah!! You have seen her pictures. Little short black-haired women. Her hair come down plumb to her waist. She died about then you were born, but you couldn’t remember seeing her. If I am not mistaken, she died in ‘48 or ‘49. I’d rather say she died in ‘49.
Mike: Now, her last name was Mullins, but then where did the Indian come from?
Damon: Well, just like a lot of them Indians…that is where the Osbornes all come down from North Carolina. And Solomon Osborne’s family, they were all Indians. But it just took a little while for that…down through a few marriages you know…and that Indian high cheek bone and the dark color and the black hair and stuff went away faster than what Afro American does. I think it stays on a lot longer. But Mae’s family, they used to put on a play out there about Trail of Tears. Where they escaped from the…
14:50
Damon: I will tell you one thing about the Indian, you never found any of them that worked. Did you ever notice that?
-
• Rheuhamey Mullins recollections by Damon
• Nathan & Juditha Workman recollections
• Nathan’s house
• Nathan & Juditha’s family
• Recollections of Grandma Juditha, by Damon
• Living in the log house
• Juditha’s death; other family history
• Workman family history; life in Enoch & Robinson areas
• Robinson Creek area
• Holly lived in Maysel before moving to Florida
00:00 [DEWv8: Rheuhamey Mullins recollections by Damon (00:00-02:08)]
Damon: I would say Grandpa [Mullins] was 20 or 21 when Mom was born.
Mike: She was the oldest in the family?
Damon: Yeah, then Pat.
00:17
But anyway, see Grandpa would have been about 78 or something like that...if he had been 20 years old when mom was born. Well, I can remember a sittin’ on his mother’s lap. That would have been Grandma Mullin’s mother. Now you think when she was born….
Mike: Would that have been Rheuhamey?
Damon: Yeah, Rheuhamey. And I would say she would have been born at least 20 years before…
Mike: Mike inserted that he knew that they had it documented somewhere how old she was. [Sidenote: According to the best records available, Rheuhamey was born February 10, 1849
Damon: And she had a pipe, smoked a pipe. I can remember that. But now I can only remember very, very sketchy things of it. Because I know they put new pants or shorts on me, they dressed me up. In other words, hard telling what I had on, you know. But I couldn’t have been but 4 years old or something. But I can remember sitting on her lap.
02:08 [DEWv8: Nathan & Juditha Workman recollections by Damon (02:08-05:24)]
Mike: I can remember Nathan Workman.
Damon: Yeah, this is on the Mullin’s side see.
Mike: Yeah, your grandfather, my great grandfather.
Damon: He died in…Grandpa Workman didn’t die until ’58 or ’59. [Actually, it was August 21, 1961] See you would have been 10 years old or so.
Mike: I can remember going over to that place, that old homestead. What do you remember about him?
Damon: Grandpa Workman? We used to go to his house and visit with him. Grandma was always good to the kids. She never said “no” to you…she was real quiet and everything. But she was always good to kids.
Mike: Now her name was Juditha?
Damon: Juditha! But Grandpa was kinda like the old Indian. He would plow Juditha’s garden, and his work was done for the summer. She did the planting and the harvesting and all that. That was just kinda the way it was, you know. That was a women’s work, the man done his work. So happened he didn’t do too much. [In Holly Workman’s account about his parents, he made the point that Juditha didn’t want anyone else working in her garden.]
Mike: What kind of man was he? Quiet man?
Damon: Oh yeah, yeah! Studied his Bible a lot and sat on the porch. He always had a lot of quotes out of the Bible. Of course, I didn’t know anything about anything or what he was doing. But he...he traded quite a bit you know. I don’t know if he made any money at trading. I can remember him coming up to Line Creek one time and getting a job cutting post timber. That was really the only work I remember. But I could have missed a lot that I didn’t know.
Mike: Now where that old house was, is that land that they had a garden on?
Damon: Oh, yeah, they gardened every bit of it. I cannot remember why those old timers back there didn’t hunt up a better piece of land. If it didn’t cost anything back then. Of course, they would settle on account of water…maybe find a good spring. Or a good place to hunt. I wonder sometimes what caused them to settle in certain areas, you know. And then they wanted to get back out of other people’s way, you know. They move back 15, 20 mile back in the woods.
05:24 [DEWv8: Nathan’s house (05:24-07:42)]
Mike: Was that house pretty much the way it is now when they were living there?
Damon: No, that old house I cannot remember that much about it, but they had some kind of weather boarding on it. Anyway, they had remodeled it and put, maybe if I am thinking right, strips up and down the outside of it. And then put weather boarding or some kind of board on it. And, then the people that went in there to restore it, they were in the family you know. Now I believe Kenneth O’Brien and some of them really went in there—that would be Daddy’s sister’s boy. And they tore all that off it. See, they wanted to get back to the original look on the outside as they could. Fixed all of them big old stones up under it good. But the bad thing about it, we went up there one time. That is something you really don’t notice when…but we went up there and it looked real good. I believe me and Doyle and my family and his family, believe that’s who went. I took a roll of film, you know. Came home and sent the pictures off and got them back.
06:67
An old lawn mower, old gasoline lawn mower, was in every picture. Didn’t even notice it when I was taking the pictures. You didn’t notice it then, but honest to goodness, got them pictures back and boy I wanted all that old scenery and everything. And I declare if right there didn’t set a lawn mower…right there on the floor. In every picture! I didn’t see that lawn mower when I was taking the pictures. Boy, it stuck out though. I bet you I have some of them out here, got the lawn mower in them.
07:42 [DEWv8: Nathan & Juditha’s family (07:42-10:38)]
Mike: Now they had how many kids? Thirteen?
Damon: Thirteen. And all of them was home at one time. You think of fathering 13 or mothering 13 kids. That’s what they tell me, and that they were all living. Every one of them was living; and their mother and father had never seen them all together but one time. That what they’ve…that’s what I’ve heard. [He might have been referring to a photo of all of them together.]
Mike: Now there is a picture. I got one. You’ve got one, too. All of them together.
Damon: All of them there.
Mike: Who was the oldest?
Damon: Aunt Idy [Ida}. She lived to be 102. She died here a couple of summers ago.
Mike: Where was Grandpa Walter?
Damon: Second. Yeah, he was the second. He was born in 1900, and Aunt Idy was born about 1898, along in there somewhere. See, Grandpa Workman was about the same age as Grandpa Mullins.
Mike: There are only two of them living now, right?
Damon: No, there’s Holly and Alton and...there is another, Alta Brady. She’s living. But I believe that is all of them. Alton, Lord, I wouldn’t have any idea how old is? I went to see him one time and that’s been years ago. I mean he was a powerful old man then. I don’t even know how they come in age, but Aunt Idy was the oldest and then Daddy. And then I would say probably…I don’t which…maybe a girl and then Alton.
Mike: And Alton is still living?
Damon: Yeah, I mean he wasn’t at the bottom of the family he was way up in it. He was way up in the family.
Mike: He has got to be in his 90’s anyway?
Damon: Alton’s got kids as old as I am or maybe older than I am. See, I am 74. Of course, he still could be 94 or 95 and have kids twenty years old, you know. But he has kids as old as me.
10:38 [DEWv8: Recollections of Grandma Juditha, by Damon (10:38-15:19)]
Mike: What do you remember about Juditha?
Damon: Grandma Workman was a real, real quiet person. Well, I mean around us. She might have been fiery when she was stirred up. But she was always very gentle and loving around the kids, that I could remember. We would go there and expect to get the very best treatment. Now she did not have much to give you. But she was good to you. I remember going there one time…she was a big ole tall, skinny…she was skinnier than a broom handle, you know. She made me a pair of mittens. They put that wool…they had those big old spinning wheels, you know. Made that wool into strings and rolled it up and then knitted it back into whatever, scarf or whatever. But she made me a pair of mittens. And I went back a long time after that to stay there, and I thought I might get her to make me another pair of mittens, see. She had broken her hand. She couldn’t make any more mittens.
12:20
She had a cow. That cow switched its tail around and smacked her right in the face. She hit that cow right in the side of her head with her fist and broke her hand. And she just got up and set her bucket down and just walked away.
Mike: She must have been…well with Grandpa being the oldest or next to the oldest, she must have been old then when you….
Damon: No, she worked a big garden and hoed. Now, she really took care of Grandpa. You could look back and see she really took care of Grandpa. They didn’t have much, but she would plant his tobacco. Grow it, take it to the barn and hang it up to dry. And tobacco was a pretty particular thing to handle, you know. Certain…all them bottom leaves had sand in them, you know. I do not really know how they did that, but you just used a very choice leaves for the chewing tobacco. I guess smoking tobacco wouldn’t make any difference, if you had a little sand it in. You were just smoking it. But she would dry that tobacco and then she’d lay it out
and sprinkle water on it with molasses in it. Put a little molasses, mix it…sprinkle it with her fingers on that tobacco. Leave it, I cannot remember, two or three days. Sprinkling, if I remember right something like you were getting ready to iron clothes or something. That tobacco would be too brittle to do anything with it until you sprinkled it a little bit. And then the reason she used the molasses—that is the only thing she had I reckon—to make a flavor. And then she plats it when it was damp, you see. Take a big, long piece like that and twist it. Then when you got it all twisted up, you would start again here and plat it. We called it plat, but it really was just twisted. You twisted it down until come here to the end, till you run out. And that is why you started right in the middle, come down there and twist that end real tight. Then you hung it back up and dried, right in that twist. Then he would take his knife and cut him off a piece of chew. He was chooking off, you see? [Damon is laughing, and I cannot get it.] But she took care of all of that. Dried all the beans and all that stuff.
15:19 [DEWv8: Living in the log house (15:19-17:00)]
Mike: Now I know that there is a stream right down below that old house. But there must have been a spring or something?
[Sidebar: As I think back on this recording, I believe Damon and I may not have been talking about the same house. I was thinking it was the log home, but it may have been another house he was talking about.]
Damon: There was a spring…when you went into the front of it there was a spring up that way. I remember. I think I could walk right to it, to where the spring was. But now that house had a kitchen back in its younger days. Of course, I never did see it that way. But the kitchen was built out away from the house. Then, when you got real luxury, you built a shed…a breezeway out from the house (I don’t know what it was called back then). Then the women folk could go from the house to the kitchen without going through the snow. That is when you got up in a little luxurious living, see. And they’d get up of the morning and the wife would go to that kitchen and build a fire, cook breakfast.
16:29
Mike: That is about all they did was cook?
Damon: Yep, and the men folk according to what they had been fed, company and anything they had a parlor. They sat in there and drank their…. I never really did know Grandpa Workman ever doing that, but historically back there they drank their drinks and smoked your tobaccos and so forth. Wouldn’t bother the women.
17:00 [DEWv8: Juditha’s death; other family history (17:00-21:37)]
Mike: Now when did she die?
Damon: Juditha died the same night that …let me think just minute and I will tell you when she died. She died about two nights about before Brenford was born. I remember Dale and Betty lived down below Montgomery, way down in there next to, can’t think of the name of the little town they lived in down in there. Marmet. Somewhere down in that section. And Dale took Betty to the hospital, and Brenford was born. He got his picture. You know how they do that with a newborn. And he was up there the morning that grandma was buried, and he was showing everybody the picture of his new baby. [Juditha died January 21, 1965.]
Mike: I do remember one time going over to that house and Dale was there, and you may have been there, and I was sitting outside talking. I would have been just about in college at that time. That may have just about been the time that Brenford….
Damon: That may have been what you were there for.
Mike: That may have been why I was there.
Damon: Now, see she died quite a while after Grandpa did. I was living down in Bentree when Grandpa Workman died. Gosh, we lived right here. I cannot get the date right off (I have it wrote down in there, of course), but we bought a new refrigerator. Sears and Roebuck delivered us a new refrigerator. I went to work that morning, and when I got to the plant somebody from over in that area told me that Grandma Workman had died. Well, you got paid for three days for being off to attend your grandparents, or your dad, or brother or sister, immediate family. So, I could work or come home either one. I could come back home and get paid for it I just caught the return bus coming back bringing the midnight shift back, you see. Rode it back up to Fayetteville. Got off and come out here. Sears and Roebuck delivered us a new refrigerator that day. We bought it was coming that day. So, I remember that real well.
19:46
Mike: Where were they buried?
Damon: Right there on top of that…you know where that old house is. You are looking at that house from out at the road. You go to the left, up there and there is enough room to turn around. Pretty nice little cemetery there.
Mike: Do they have markers up there?
Damon: Oh, yeah! Eugene used to go up there and mow. Eugene spent great big percent of his life right there in that cemetery mowing and cleaning and keeping that cemetery up. If it hadn’t been for him, I don’t know what might happened. But I know he really spent a lot of time up there.
Mike: Now there must be others up there besides Workman’s?
Damon: Oh, yeah! There were a lot of people, families, and different people that I didn’t even know. I went through there and looked at a lot of their names. It’s called old Hamrick Cemetery. I believe that’s what it is. You see Grandma was a Hamrick. Now Grandpa Workman, I don’t even know where his home was. Grandpa Workman didn’t have a very big family. And if I am thinking right, now that is when you could have gone back, and Grandma could have told you all about it. But that kind of stuff is done left now. There wasn’t nobody ask, I don’t guess. Unless Bernice might answer a few things like that. She might tell you a few things.
21:37 [DEWv8: Workman family history; life in Enoch & Robinson areas (21:37-26:00)]
Mike: Bernice?
Damon: That is Eugene’s widow. She is about my age.
Mike: I was thinking from this one book that Doyle has, that Wyoming County or someplace down in there, that somebody came from that area.
Damon: Well, I think the Workman’s came up, you see around…down in that section. There are a lot of Workman’s down in there, and one of them stayed off down in there. And I believe that as the story goes (now this is way I am thinking) that one come on up Elk River and out there to about the mouth of Birch. And he settled in there. Now I believe that is right. And Grandpa had one brother. Maybe he didn’t even have no family. He didn’t raise a family. So, there wasn’t any cousins or uncles out of that family at all. And one of them, I think he had a sister. I don’t believe Grandpa Workman (now I could be wrong and very possibly I just don’t know) but I don’t believe that. In other words, Daddy and Eugene and Holly I don’t think they had very many uncles and aunts and cousins on the Workman side. It was all on the Hamrick. What they had was on the Hamrick’s. But Daddy never did tell us anything about the Workman’s. And you know, what I was saying there about Grandpa. Maybe the right job just never did come along just right for him. But you know, Daddy was a good worker. Holly, those kids down the line you could just name just any of them and they were excellent workers. I mean they was hustler workers, you know. And Grandpa didn’t just get much excited about it.
Mike: Well, maybe you saw him when he was…
Damon: When he was relaxed. That is very possible, too. But I can remember going back there, that was one of our favorite places to go.
Mike: Now, you would have had a car by then, right?
Damon: Not when we first started going there, no. When we lived up on Buffalo.
Mike: How would you get there?
Damon: Walked. We walked up there. Mom would go with us, and we would go up there. I don’t know how they corresponded. Think about them writing letters, but I don’t know how they did. But anyway, they’d knowed when we was coming. And Mom would walk up there with us. A couple of us, maybe me and Freda and Dale or something and leave us and her or Dad would come back and get us. Just walking.
Mike: How far is it?
Damon: It was a long walk buddy. To walk up there and back in a day was a long walk.
Mike: I would have to look at a map, but my goodness that has to be 15 miles anyway, isn’t it?
Damon: I wouldn’t be surprised if it wasn’t, yeah. You see by the time you, if you walked up…we would go up Hamrick’s Run and cut across the hill and come out over on Dog Run. Then you went to Enoch, up Dog Run. Then you’d cut back around the hill and come around, and that is where that old Hamrick place was. Then on off that mountain, Robinson, where Grandpa lived when we were kids. You see he didn’t live up on that hill when we were kids, see he lived in Robinson ‘bout all the time. That is one reason we liked to go there because we could play in the creek. That Robinson was pretty good size…little...but you would have to go in swimming, fishing, and all that.
26:00 [DEWv8: Robinson Creek area (26:00-26:40)]
Mike: What is the name of that little creek there were reunion is held?
Damon: That is on Robinson. Dumps into Buffalo Creek right down below it.
Mike: Because my boys, they were asking if we were going to go over there and get in that creek.
Damon: Oh yeah, Eddie’s boys used to like to go up there and get in that creek. Wasn’t anything up there to make it dirty, I guess. It was always cold. Oh, I been in that creek years and years ago, but it seems to me it was always cold, that Robinson was.
26:40 [DEWv8: Holly lived in Maysel before moving to Florida (26:40-28:06)]
Mike: Where did Holly live before he moved down there to Florida?
Damon: He lived out at Maysel. Holly and Mary Belle lived out…went right out to top of Maysel Hill and then turn on a little dirt road. Right up there a little piece is where they lived. Then they lived there awhile, and then they moved on down by the main road, by Route 4. They built a brick house down there. Pretty nice house. Then it had some fire damage and they remodeled it and rebuilt it. His daughter-in-law, I am sure it is straightest story, their son was old enough, was married and the daughter-in-law had a car. And where you would come into the house, you would come in the garage in the back. Looking at it from the road, it looked like it was all house. She pulled her car into the garage and got out—came into the house and her car caught on fire. Course, when the car caught on fire it wasn’t long until the house was on fire.
28:06
-
• Civil War events in Gauley Bridge
00:00 [DEWv9: Civil War events in Gauley Bridge (00:00-02:34)]
Damon: Back during the Civil War, the south moved up here, you see; they didn’t have too much power. They knew the north, down at Gauley Bridge, had a pretty good-sized army that moved in there from Ohio. So, they took a canon and went up that road you are talking about and down that ridge. Went all the way down that ridge like to the where they could see right down to Gauley Bridge. Like I said, they was small and lot weaker. So, they went down there and blowed that bridge up. They just hid that canon and high tailed it out of there and left it down there. There have been people come in there and hunted for that canon for years and years. I don’t guess they never did find it. Did you ever go up there and hunt for it, Mike?
Mike: No!
Damon: You heard the story, though, right?
Mike: I heard the story.
Damon: People brought in metal detectors, after they had those. I even talked to a fella one time, an old man, I cannot think what his name was. Buckshot would know what that old man’s name was. I think he lived around there, around in that hollow from Buckshot. Said when he was a kid that him and his dad or granddad, one of them, went down there. He showed him a wheel on that canon. It was all covered up but one wheel. But I kinda think maybe that fella seen something else. But now the story went they pulled that canon down there with a horse, just inching it along, see. Got it down there and got it set up and zeroed in. Then they shot that bridge out, right there in Gauley Bridge. And then they high tailed it out of there. They left the canon there and came out. Come back up that ridge and back off there where they were working on that house back up next to Fayetteville, you see. Then when the north did come in here, the only thing that was keeping the north out was that river, that mountain down here. That old lady told me that they had a watch down there, a man they called a watch. He rode his horse right up through here and hollered “the Yankees are coming”. Everyone was expecting it, you see. And the women and the kids all stayed at home and the men headed for the woods.
02:34
-
• Man jumping off Meadow River Bridge on US19
00:00 [Man jumping off Meadow River Bridge on US19 (00:00-03:34)]
Damon: Every time I cross that bridge, I think of this.
Mike: Was that the Meadow River?
Damon:iIt was the Meadow River. Now, the New River Gorge Bridge, out there in Fayetteville, you can just put your hand on it and hop over into the next lane. You know how it’s constructed at the same time, and you can hop from one lane over into the other lane. I mean a normal kid could just put her up on there and hop on over into the next lane. Okay, but when they came out there and built the Meadow River Bridge, they just built two lanes. I mean two lanes, just like this. Then several years went by and they came back and built two more lanes, four-laned it. But in that lane over there. So, when they four-laned it, that bridge has about an eight-foot division in between the two bridges. And when you look over the edge of that bridge you are looking way down in the Meadow River. I forget how many feet it is, not as high as the New River Gorge Bridge, but it is a way far piece down.
So, they had an accident there on the bridge one time—wasn’t anybody seriously hurt, I don’t remember, called the paramedics on the bridge. Called the ambulance, and they came over there. The young man was right there from Fayetteville. And they were out trying to treat this person that was banged up; but from what I understood, it wasn’t very much of an accident. So, there was a woman with her, but there was two teens, and they looked up and seen this car coming at them. And the car got on that ice and was weaving, so that fella just put his hand up on the bridge and jump over in the next lane. So, you know the rest of the story.
Mike: Oh, my goodness!
Damon: Yeah! Boy, I have often…and it wasn’t an emergency. It so happens that the car that did that on the ice got it straightened up and went on. But that fella just thought, “I’ll make it and just hop over into that other lane”. Seeing that big column between him…and he just hopped off there. Man, he went down about 600 feet in them rocks, ice down in that river. They just took him out in pieces. They had a funeral for him over in Fayetteville. I believe it was the biggest funeral I have ever seen. And every time I cross that, see that wide span, that is the first thing that pops into my mind.
Mike: Well, I hope he will be the first and the last one like that.
Damon: Well, I do, too. But see it was a born-and-breed resident here and everything. And he had been on the New River Gorge Bridge over and over and over. And all you had to do is throw your hand up and hop over. He just put his hand up there and hopped over.
03:34
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• Summersville Lake camping description
• Damon retirement comments
00:00 [DEWv11: Summersville Lake camping description (00:00-01:40)]
Damon: I have probably been in every campground. (Not every campground, but I’ve been in a lot of the campgrounds in West Virginia.) That is the prettiest campground I have ever been to in my life.
[These comments were made as we drove by the lake, on US19.]
Mike: Summersville Lake?
Damon: Yes sir, buddy.
Mike: The one right over there where the marina is?
Damon: Yes. No, not where the marina is! No, you turn off there at that first service station and go out what they call Battle Run. Go in there.
Mike: I have often wondered why they didn’t develop that more. Put more stuff like a golf course or….
Damon: Well, the Army Corp of Engineers is in the control of it. They just want so much and…. I have seen campers set out there, I don’t mean I’ve seen them set there through the whole weekend, but I know they did. People come in there with big campers, and they got what they call overflow road and lot. Well, you could pull in there and no hook up, no nothing, you just are supposed to pull in there and hold, you know, until something comes open. That place would fill up and people sit there the whole weekend and have to leave, go back and never get a camp site. And there was room there to build a 100 more campsites. Just didn’t want them. That’s all they wanted, all they wanted. “Oh, we don’t have enough toilet facilities”.
Mike: Well, build some.
Damon: Oh, they charge you as much to stay there at the campground as hotel, nearly.
01:40 [DEWv11: Damon retirement comments (01:40-04:12)]
Mike: Do you do any camping anymore?
Damon: No! I have about quit. I never even did put my camper on the truck. I’ve got a nice little camper. A little slide-in, 9-1/2’ camper; shower in it, toilet, everything. But you know I will tell you something. Don’t want you to get a bad outlook, but when you retire you don’t have much time to camp. You better do your camping and vacations while you are working.
Mike: Don’t have enough time!
02:36
Damon: Don’t have enough time when you retire. Bilbo Johnny Witt…I don’t remember how many years that he has been in public service up here: county commissioner, mayor of Fayetteville for 12 years. And I was up there one time, and he told me, “I am going to retire. This is it. I am going to retire.” And I said, “Now Johnny don’t get all built up too far about retiring.”
Mae: Now you get some food, some chicken or something. We don’t have much food, now.
Damon: Mae, you know…
Mike: I will pay for it.
Damon: Oh, you don’t have to do that.
Mae: It’s not the money, but just a wondering if we should.
Damon: You want to get…
Mae: What do you all think, Mike? I don’t have much, I got a small dish of potato salad…
Damon: We’ll stop and get a bucket of chicken, if…
Mike: We’ll get a bucket of chicken.
Mae: I just to hate to go without…I really do.
Damon: Where is the best place to get it, Mae?
Mike: Well, there is a KFC up here, I think. Isn’t there?
Workman children: Oh good! KFC!!
Damon: Let’s see. Kentucky Fried Chicken, it’s on this side of the road. How come they got them lights fixed up on that?
04:12
-
• Peach Orchard Road
• Buying bargains in Ohio
• Driving on Devil’s Backbone Mountain; commentary on the area
• Damon bear hunting
• Eddie’s doctor friend
• Commentary on the area
• Acree farm
• Coming into Clay County
• Antioch Baptist Church; camping with Bertha
Mt. Ovis Methodist Church murder
Nathan & Juditha log home
Eddie introduced to locals; arriving at reunion.
00:00 [DEWv12: Buying bargains in Ohio (00:00-04:09)]
Damon: Peach Orchard Road! [Sign for turnoff.]
Mike: Peach Orchard Road, okay!
Damon: Oh, Mae, loves to go to it. She will wheel and deal and buy old junk that she don’t need. We went up there in Ohio the other day, just over in Ohio a little. Patty was with us. We went to some of them markets up in there. And boy, they put some good stuff out. I bought 12 pairs of shorts, briefs you know, brand new. They had never been out of the box…for a dollar. Twelve pair! This woman said, “I got them for my husband, and it isn’t the kind he likes.” I said, “Well, that’s what I wear, I like them.” I don’t know but what they cost about $3 a pair. And I bought a brand-new pair of Iron A, oxblood in color, real, real nice pair of dress shoes, your lower quarters. And I look at them there a little bit, you know, and I knows what I was looking at. And I told that lady, “Well you know, that is exactly my size. But, really, I am not working and I am retired, and I don’t know that I will need them.” She said, “Well, I will tell you something about them before you buy them. You may not want them. They are hard toes.” I said, “Well it doesn’t make any difference to me if they are hard toed or not.” But you know what she sold me those shoes for: 99 cents. I bet you those shoes cost $60. I wouldn’t be any bit surprised if they weren’t $65 or $69 dollars.
Mike: You can hardly get hard toes shoes anymore.
Damon: They were dress, real dressy hard toes. Size 9-½, and they was oxblood in color. Leather was just kinda a bit rough like, you know what I am taking about. Man, I brought them things home shined them up. Put them on and couldn’t stand up in them for a little while. After I had been out of operation, my feet are not what they were. I don’t lift them up high enough; I don’t know what it is. I put them shoes on and they was about 2 ½ or 3 times as heavy as a pair tennis shoes. I just stumbled around a bit, and I wore them through the house two or three times. And I said, “Shoot.” I hadn’t lost much, so I took them out to the farm, and I asked Mae’s nephew, “What size shoes do you wear?” And he said, “9 ½”. I said, “Try these on, see how you like them.” He tried them on and said “Boy, that’s actually what I fit.” So, I started negotiating with him, you know, for a sale. And he wanted to know how much I wanted for them. I kept trying to negotiate; he was trying to quit. And I told him, “I believe them shoes was $69.95.” So, I gave them to him. I told him I’ve got such a little amount in them, I don’t want to sell them to you. I will give them to you.
04:09 [DEWv12: Driving on Devil’s Backbone Mountain; commentary on the area (04:09-08:40)]
Mike: Now tell me about this road we are on.
Damon: Daddy and all of them called it Devil’s Backbone. Now, just go right on up this hill, I don’t know what this hill is called. It’s got a name, too.
Mike: When you get out here a little bit you are right on a ridge.
Damon: You’re on the Devil’s Backbone, that is what they called it when he was growing up. And you can look over one side, and you are going down in one watershed. And you look over on this side, and you are going down in the other watershed, and it is just enough room for a horse and wagon. I guess that’s where it got its name, Devil’s Backbone. They have done a tremendous road project through here you know. I mean, from nothing to what they got now.
Mike: It is still a pretty twisty, turny road.
Damon: Stopped up here hunting one time, had that blue GMC truck and a little camper on it. Come out here and found me a nice place to hunt.
[Mike got the children’s attention and told them we were on what was called the Devil’s Backbone.]
Dianne: What County are we in?
Damon: Nicholas County.
Mike: We will be in Clay County here pretty soon.
Damon: But I stopped up here to hunt. Parked my truck and got off a little place and everything. Come back to the truck that evening, and there was a big sign on the windshield, threatening me, putting me in jail and don’t know what all—for parking on company property without a permit. So, I got looking at it, and I thought I believe I know that handwriting. It was Eddie. Eddie was the land agent here, see. [Lots of laughing!]
Mike: Look over here Dianne. You can see off in one valley and back over here.
Damon: You are looking way down…this valley goes down into…
Dianne: This is company property here?
Damon: Yes, this is all company property through here.
Mike: There are not very many houses in this...
Damon: No, there ain’t enough room to build a house on top of the ridge. The mountain is too steep. But when you get out to the end of Devil’s Backbone, you see some pretty land. But back at one time before they built any roads, that ridge was so narrow…they flattened off the top of the ridge. You can see how narrow it was. You just look down the mountain on one side and down the mountain on the other side.
Dianne: Uncle Damon, did they ever mine this area?
Damon: No, they never mined it, they just got it for nothing. Down here in Lily when you got out here a little way, I’ll show you where you turn back to go down in…it’s got one of the biggest blocks of coal probably, in fact, it’s too big of block of coal to mine. And they haven’t yet decided how to strip it. I believe it’s sixteen feet thick. They never mined an inch of coal, as far as I know. Now they did strip a little bit out here. Stripped a little bit, but everybody was against stripping it, you know.
Mae: You did not come out here last year either, did you Mike?
Mike: No, we didn’t.
08:40 [DEWv12: Damon bear hunting (08:40-09:54)]
Damon: Dianne, I come out here hunting one time when the snow was on. Right over on that hill, right back there. Went around that hill and seen a bear track. Well, I thought, am I wanting to track that dab bear or leave it alone? It was snowing that morning, so I went around this little point, came back and there was my tracks and that bear was tracking me. And I said wait a minute…I believe I will quit this game. I headed for the car. I didn’t want to track no bear and have him tracking me, too.
Mike: Have you gone bear hunting?
Damon: No, I was over here deer hunting, but there is bear in here. Quite a few bear. Now right down here is where I was parked, that I got the “citation”. On down in the note, after I kept reading a little of it, it said “You can come into the land agent’s office and pay your fine if you want to, and if you didn’t, forget it.”
09:54 [DEWv12: Eddie’s doctor friend (09:54-)]
Mae: Mike did you meet that doctor, last night, that’s a friend of Eddie’s?
Mike: No, I didn’t meet him
Mae: You knew which one he was.
Mike: Yeah!
Mae: I might have said it to you, I don’t know. He’s very smart…but he is just smart in the…
Damon: Like your smart doctor, but dumb.
Mae: He is smart, but he doesn’t know how to do anything.
Damon: He really doesn’t. He couldn’t drive a nail. But them doctors don’t have to.
Now this is really Devil’s Backbone.
Mae: Eddie just goes on and on about him and it is just hilarious. And Eddie just talks to him right to his face.
Damon: I was there one time and talked to him. And I said, “Lakus, have you finished your.. you know, when they get up they graduate and then they do this and…”
[Mike turned everyone’s attention to something, and Damon said we would be right down in there. Way down in there is where we are headed.]
Damon: And I said, “Have you finished your [schooling]? Where are you now, are you a real doctor yet or not yet?” Eddie said “Oh, yeah, yeah, he is a real doctor now…you cannot read a word he writes.”
Mae: We were out there when Eddie built that big new room and the underneath room. Well, they took that dining room window out and they had to take them beams.
Damon: This is where I got my citation.
Mae: And he came out there to help. He had no idea what was going on. Eddie had to tell him what he was doing. It is very…
Damon: Eddie was just a laughing.
Mae: And it is really funny to get them together. We’ve been down to his apartment: he has a condominium in Charleston that he lives in. But what I was wanting to tell Mike, is that he has a Lincoln Continental down there that only has 6,000 some miles on it. Been sitting in his garage. And he has never had it out of his garage in three years.
Damon: No, said he never had it out in the rain. It’s not quite yet 3 years old.
Mae: And he is wanting to sell it to me and Damon. He is trying to get us to buy it. Eddie’s getting a piece of some kind of exercise equipment, and they are going to Charleston after it. And he said, “I’ll drive it back up to your all’s house and let you all look at it.” And he did. It is a gold metallic in color.
Damon: I don’t know anything about it. Eddie said, “It’s a good car to look at and leave it alone.”
Mae: But he said it had everything on it. And he was going on and on.
Damon: It is rear wheel drive, Mike. And it’s got it…Eddie told me two or three things about it, and Brenford was telling me some things about it. He said, “You don’t want it. That is why he don’t want it.” He said, “you couldn’t get it out of the driveway, if there was a snow on. He went on and told several things about it, you know, so I didn’t want to be rude to him, you know.
Dianne: So, does he have a second-hand car that he drives?
Damon: No, he’s got three new cars, I think. And he said he is going to “downsize”.
Dianne: What kind of doctor is he, Damon?
Mae: Dermatologist
Damon: Yeah, but in a crowd like that everybody has their own thing.
13:40 [DEWv12: Commentary on the area (13:40-15:42)]
I am going to show you where PaPa Workman went to school. Right down there, see that red top, that little school. Now, PaPa Workman went there very little bit, not too much.
Mike: Now this must be Clay County.
Damon: No, we are still in Nicholas. Coming up right there is a little road that went around to the school. I don’t know what in the world they built a school down there for. Nobody else knowed. They had a school there for a while. Grandpa lived out here, and he walked out there to school a little while and then they sold it. It has been a hunting camp ever since I could remember.
Damon: But I started to tell you about that fella. You get him in a crowd, like that there yesterday, and somebody find out you’re a doctor, and they want to ask you all kind of questions. You get examined and get your opinion on the television pills and all that stuff. So that is why….
Damon: Now we are coming out into civilization.
Mike: This is civilization?
Damon: Yeah, we are coming out into it. Now they strip [strip-mine] some right back up in there. We have camped in all these little wide spots along in here. Place back up in that field is where you could get water.
Dianne: There is a house there.
Damon: Yeah, Mr. ?? Who is it Mae that owns this? Oh, not Williams, I will think of it in a minute. All of this was their farm. I will think of their names. Gosh, I’ve been to their house a dozen times. He is dead now. Used to drive school bus.
Mae: Used to let them hunt on their property.
Damon: What in the world was his name? And right down here was the Acree Farm
15:42 [DEWv12: Acree farm (15:42-17:34)]
Denvil was big buddies with these Acree’s: John, Delford. Right here you will see the sign. No, you have to go on up to…and here is where you used to go up to the old Acree Farm, right up that road right there. But they are all gone now, see. Do you remember that old red station wagon Denvil had?
Mike: Oh, yeah, Dodge.
Damon: Dodge. Alright, I believe right out that way is where you go to…or maybe it’s right on up… those boy’s house. But they are 70 years old now. But Denvil loaned one of those boys his Dodge station wagon. New, it was new. And they brought it up here and took their dad to Beckley to the hospital in it. Now see right there, these Acree’s. Right back out that road, they are right in here, in a nest like, see. I know you don’t remember that do you?
Mike: No!
Damon: He loaned them the car, and they made a bed in it. It was a big old station wagon. They made him a bed in it. And they took him to Beckley in that station wagon to the hospital. I believe he passed away over there.
Damon: For sale!!! [Apparently, Damon saw a house for sale.]
Dianne: There you go, Michael!
Mae: What was that, Daddy?
Damon: I don’t know…
Mike: Dianne, I would never get you out here.
Damon: I never looked too long Mae.
17:34
Mae: Where is that other, the girls that died, Margie’s sister???
Damon: Well, every _____up there.
Mae: But that wasn’t their trailer?
Damon: Oh, no, their trailer was way back around in the woods. A girl that Mae and I went to school with, owns that place right there. She had a daughter that was in a wreck, or right in that oil field in Iraq or in that oil field in Kuwait. Iraq in there when that Gulf War back in the 90’s was there. And we were up here and talked to her, and I said…..
Mae: I wonder whose place that is…it is nice.
Damon: That’s the mayor’s I guess.
Mae: I haven’t seen that.
Damon: And I said something to her about them coming, if her daughter was in the process of getting out of there and coming home, you know, with that war starting. She said, “Well, they are making too much money to come home.” I thought come out with a ??
18:57 [DEWv12: Coming into Clay County (18:57-23:10)]
Damon: Well, now you are hitting Clay County, right here. When you cross over right there, now you are in Clay County.
Mike: Now is this still Devil’s Backbone?
Damon: Well, yeah, I think they faded away from that name when they got to where it widened out. But from out there at that farm on out next to Summersville, they called it the Devil’s Backbone. It was impassable for years and years. And when I went to school at Clay, the county paper come out…every time the Clay County paper come out, right across the front of it…Let’s see how was that, Mae, did it say, “Let’s finish the link!” The link was between Clay County and Nicholas County, they wanted to finish the link. But it did not soak in too well.
Dianne: Damon, I have a question. All these homes, do they get out the same way we came in or do they go this way to get to another town.
Damon: No, they…most of them come out the way we came in, because the furthest way you go the deeper back in the woods you get. There is a way out this way, but you would have to go all the way to Gassaway. And you could go out here and turn into Clay. But if you go back into Summersville, you have way more shopping, work, and all that. But now they do have a bus route that comes up here that goes into Clay, a school bus route. Or they may still haul them out of here with a van or something, I don’t know.
20:57
Damon: See, a lot of this has been built since I got old. Mae and I come down through here one time in little old blue Volkswagen. We got right out here and had to stop for the turkey to clear the road. It wasn’t very big, was it Mae? It was a bunch of turkeys in the road. I believe it was right in here, somewhere. Right there in that curve there. Now that girl that we knew that went to school with, she lived right up that road when she before she married. And her name was…
Mike: That’s a nice new house up there.
Damon: That is probably some of the family, you know. When she lived up in there it was rough. Road was rough. Mae, was her name Wood? Or did she marry a Wood?
Mae: I believe she married a Wood.
Damon: I believe it was, too. She married a Wood. They had a farm right back up in there, and she lived up in there and got out of here and went to high school. Graduated. Well Mae, she wasn’t in our class though, was she? Those O’Brien girls had boots they would wear down to catch the bus and then would carry their shoes in a bag.
Mae: Now I did that, only I hid mine, and I took off my boots and hid them under a rock, but..
Damon: They took theirs’s right on the bus. Left them.
Mae: Wearing pants off the farm, and they weren’t allowed to wear pants at school at all, had to wear dresses. I rolled mine up and under my skirt wore them. You know what that would look like.
Damon: Well, I am glad they didn’t do the boys that way, because I just had one pair of shoes, and if I had taken mine off, I would have been barefoot the rest of the day.
Mae: Your get legs didn’t have a whole lot of time to ??
23:10 [DEWv12: Antioch Baptist Church; camping with Bertha (23:10-)]
Damon: Now is that…I am not sure, Mike. I don’t hardly believe that was the old Methodist church. Yeah! That building down there used to be the Methodist Church. And right here was the community, or are we…there is so much going now I can hardly…no, I believe I spotted it too quick, I think. See a lot of this stuff, Mike, has been built since you come here one trip from the next. I might have spotted that Methodist Church too quick. Yep, that was it. Here is the Baptist Church, now. Here is where you turn up the hill now.
Mae: Here is where we used to come to the Workman reunion.
Damon: You have heard that song about “On this rock, I built my”…now that’s solid rock right there!
Mike: Antioch Missionary Baptist Church.
Damon: And I have come up this road here when you had to hold hands, to keep from getting stuck up walking. Because the bus turned around right down there, and anybody on out that way or out there had to come out there to get on the bus. Poor old Granny Workman [Bertha], Mae and I come through here with her one time in a car. Her mind, she could remember things happened years before, but she couldn’t remember what happened yesterday. We was coming right up through here and I said, “Now Mom, right here is the old McGraw farm. This is the old McGraw place.” She said, “No, that’s not what that is.” Of course, I did not want to argue with her, you know. I said, “Well know. I believe you are mistaken.” So, we went on talking and Pa Workman [Walter] said, “Well, now she is getting technical with you. That man was born out of wedlock, his name wasn’t McGraw, so that wasn’t the McGraw place.” And every time we come up here with Daddy, he’d right along up in here somewhere he’d say, “Now I’ve hoed corn right around through there. He told me that twenty times I bet you.
Mike: Where all those trees are?
Damon: Yeah, he’d point us over to that, “Hoed corn right around that flat right there.”
Mae: Damon and I brought Bertha and Walter up here, and we brought our camper. And Doyle brought his camper. Well, for some reason Doyle planned to stay some, wasn’t it Damon? Him and Barbara and Barbara’s sister (I think I am telling it right, I may not). But Barbara’s sister had died. Well, we had done planned to bring Granny and Pa, and Granny’s mind was bad then.
Damon: ____ got an engineering degree and he is a state road engineer now. He lives right there.
Mike: It is a nice little house.
Mae: I brought [Damon and Mike overtalking Mae]…fixed their breakfast and do everything for them. And Doyle, left his camper, and he was going to let them sleep in his camper because his was bigger than ours. Well, you know what kind of running back and forth doing this and getting her in bed and all of that. But we did it every bit, and Doyle had to leave
Damon: This is the old Scott place. Always remember the old Scott place.
Mae continues: I got up and fried chicken and all that.
Mike: Look out there Dianne.
Damon: This is the Scott farm.
Mae continues: I probably had some kind of salad or something.
Damon: Right here is one question you don’t ask anybody, is how they mow that field right there. The mowing machine…you would be hanging on.
Mike: Have to strap yourself in.
27:42 [DEWv12: Mt. Ovis Methodist Church murder (27:42-)]
Damon: Let me tell you this little story right here. Right here at this Methodist Church, was called Mount Ovis. Daddy’s first cousin was attending church there one morning, she and her husband was on the “outs”. Having problems, so he come up there to church with a high-powered rifle, and the church had two doors. I don’t know why they had two front doors. She came out on the step, and he shot her; killed her right there on the church steps. I was just a little fella, smaller than your smallest boy.
Mike: Were you there?
Damon: No, no! Daddy went down to the trial when they had it, see. Of course, it had been, so much time went by you know all that and everything. We lived down in Buffalo, see. And he had to walk down to Clay to the trial and come back. He said, “Well, they convicted him and gave him 99 years.” And you know that bothered me for years. I wondered why they didn’t give him a hundred. Why waste…
29:00 [DEWv12: Nathan & Juditha log home (29:00-30:10)]
Mae: Right there is the old home place.
Mike: Right there?
Mae: Stop here just a minute, or at least coming back on.
Damon: How much time we got? Oh, it only five after…
Mae: That little log cabin.
Dianne: Now when we say the home place, who lived here?
Damon: That was Grandma Workman, that was Walter’s parents.
Mike: That’s Nathan and Juditha Workman.
Damon: Juditha lived there when she was a teenager. A high stepping young lady, see. Big tall, slim girl. That was where Grandpa did their sparking!
Mae: And Damon and I came here, had a meal.
Damon: Right back, if you look right back out from the building, there is a flat place. That is where the kitchen was. The men stayed, and the women went to the kitchen.
Mike: Who lives there now?
Damon: That’s Aunt Ida’s daughter.
Mae: Aunt Idy was Walter’s older sister.
Damon: She lived to be a 102. What was her daughter’s name?
Mae: [She is talking about Marmel in the background…that may have been Ida’s daughter’s name]
30:10
Damon: We took Mae’s picture one time laying right there by them flowers. And we stopped there, and someone told Mae that it was grass. They didn’t tell her it was marijuana, so she laid down on the ground there near the marijuana. It is grass...but it is not…
Damon: Now Daddy’s sister lives right here, Alta Brady. She is still living.
Mike: She is still living? I believe she was at the last reunion.
Damon: I believe it.
Mike: Was this all cleared off here?
Damon: Oh, yeah, all that is in here was farmland then, see. Cemetery is right back up there, just about right back up there under them big trees. You go up that road right there, and it winds right up back around there. It is a pretty good-sized cemetery up there.
Mae: Marmel probably wondered who we was.
Damon: She never knowed we was here.
Mae: She is probably standing there looking out.
Damon: Aww!
Mae: They see every car when there are not that many going by.
Damon: Well, why didn’t she show her face?
Mae: They are a watching you.
Damon: I took Eddie up here one time. I said when he was first coming here working this country, “Eddie you better figure out where somebody lives up here. Because if you get up here and break down, you’re gonna need help.” There used to be a school sit right there. Lucille Adkins came up here and taught some.
Mike: Oh, really!
31:30 [DEWv12: Eddie introduced to locals; arriving at reunion (31:30-37:12)]
Damon: Boarded up here with Grandpa and them. Anyway, I come up here with Eddie one day; Eddie was just a young fella, hadn’t been out of college very long. And I said, “If you happen to come here and break down or have problems, if you know some of these people, it’s between sleeping out in the car and getting a warm bed.” So, I took him up here and introduced him to them. And I said this is our son, you know. He will be working this area from time to time and going through here and everything. And I want him to know where you live in case he needs lodging or something. So, they pattered around a little bit, and he went through there you see. This mountain is…What is this mountain, Mae? John Nichols, I believe.
Mike: We are almost there.
Damon: We are almost there. I have been surprised we haven’t seen no deer. Did you see big Buffalo Creek down in there, yet?
Mike: Not yet.
Damon: There is Big Buffalo.
Mike: That is the creek that ran by your house and..
Damon: The most of it is on over, I think that’s just a branch, that’s Robinson. You had to look on down there to see Big Buffalo. Yeah, this is the old Robinson here now.
Dianne: Now we go to first class..
Justin: That’s not the creek we are going in, Joelle.
Damon: Yeah, that’s the creek you wade in. That creek’s one that never get’s warm. I have come up here when I was the size of these boys, the middle of the summertime. I mean right in the middle of summertime and that water’s still so cold it would turn your feet blue. I always figured that is why there was so many fish in that creek. They live good in that cold water. There are free kittens! Is that what it says? Free kittens!
Mike: I thought there would be more water in the creek with all that rain we had.
Damon: Now this is where Clinchfield had their equipment, but some is still here. See the old junk they never did haul off. Their office is, I believe…
Dianne: Is that a coal company, Damon?
Damon: Yeah!
Mae: You remembered your way, didn’t you?
Damon: We are getting close to the turn off. Now, this is Bonetown Mountain there.
Mike: Do we go down this road?
Damon: Yeah! Bonetown Mountain.
Justin: That’s the part we are going In, right there, Joelle.
Mae: Have to go real fast across this bridge?
Damon: So, if it falls down, you can get to the other side quicker. Now who lives here, Mae?
Mae: I don’t know which one.
Damon: I mean…
Mae: One of them is Calvin’s.
Damon: There goes Earnest; no that was somebody else. They all look so much alike I can’t tell them one from the other.
Mae: I bet you that is where the ______ lives.
36:49
Damon: Just pick you a good place to park.
Mike: I will go right over there and stay in the shade a little bit if we can. How is that?
Dianne: Now these are camps, right?
Damon: You can call them camps. They live in them six days out the week. They come home on Sunday and go to church.
37:12
-
• Darrel locking himself out of his house in Parkersburg
• Damon’s house vandalized
• Ames Height Road mining
00:00 [DEWv13: Darrel locking himself out of his house in Parkersburg (00:00-01:42)]
Damon: That was Darrel. You know, the youngest just went out of the garage to the house, and he done locked the house.
Mike: Over in Parkersburg?
Damon: Yeah! A little bit, I kinda got aggravated. I said, “Darrel why do you lock the door up there every time go. He said, “I lock the door to keep these so and so people, going up and down the street, from going in my house.” I said, “What do you mean people going up and down the street and going to your house if you had it unlocked?” He said, “Well, if you had it locked, they wouldn’t.” I said, “Well, golly, in Fayetteville we don’t lock our house. We just go in and out and don’t lock it. Well, if we are going to leave, we lock it. But my truck is sitting over there on the driveway, full of gas with the key in it.” So, we put it out the next morning and got ready to leave. Mae said, “Did you leave that truck open with the key in it?” I said, “I hope not.” Of course, my mind was all over it, and I done blurted it out. I am going on like that, you see. I was just joking with Darrel. We drove from Parkersburg to Fayetteville and got out of the car and walked over and them keys was sitting in that truck, big as they could be.
Mike: Well, you don’t want to do that all the time.
Damon: No, you don’t want to do it. But I just…you know. We lock our house a lot more now than we used to. If we are just going to run downtown or if we are just going down to the ballpark or to Eddie’s, we will usually just lock the house because it is so simple and easy. Now a lot of time we will put the key in the mailbox or under somewhere. But if you lock the door you kinda feel like you lock these kids and stuff out, you know.
Mike: It is not like it used to be.
01:42 [DEWv13: Damon’s house vandalized (01:42-)]
Damon: We had our house broke into one time. Stole a lot of stuff. Yeah, Eddie was playing basketball. He was a junior in high school. Mae and I went to all the home games and a lot of the away games. I came in from work that evening, and he was playing away somewhere (I don’t remember where it was). Mae said, “Are we going to go to that game?” I said, “You know I am just not up to it...” It was over on the other side of Beckley somewhere. We had something ordered over to Sears, we had to go pick that up, pick up some groceries. We just got ready and went over there, ate out, picked up a few things and came back, you see. The telephone rang a couple of times and that was back before you ever had caller ID or anything like that, you know. Phone rang and I went and answered it and they just…no one was on the line.
03:35
But we was just getting ready to leave to go over there and the phone rang, and I picked it up and nobody said a word. See, I never thought about nothing, I just thought it was some kid. Never thought about it, just went on. Of course, we locked the house. Went over to Oak Hill and went to Sears, out to eat and picked up whatever we needed from the grocery store. Came back to the house and went up the steps there was glass on the stairways going upstairs. I thought, “Where did that glass come from?” I got looking and the door had three glasses in the back door and one of them was broke out. Well, I thought maybe it was just some of the kids playing ball or something and threw a ball. Your mind is going real fast and you was walking right up to the door right by the steps. I opened the door going into the dining room and stepped into the dining room to turn the light on. Well, there was a big chair turned around backwards and right up against the front door lock, see. Boy, I just set them groceries right down right there and backed out. I said I would rather be a coward than a dead hero, so I just backed out. I went down there, and I told Mae I believe there is somebody in the house let’s get out here. So, we got outside and run over to the neighbor. I stayed there and watched the house and called the law. [Name undecipherable.]
05:28
The Sheriff’s Deputy come out there. And he said, “You feel sure it is none of your family that done that?” And I said, “No.” He said now if you think there is a chance of it being some part of your family, you know. I said, “No, if I thought it was part of my family, I would have gone in there, but I don’t think it was.” So, he pulled his pistol out and had a big flashlight. He went up the steps and hollered out, “This is the law, Deputy Sheriff.” He spoke out again about having his gun drawn and then went on up the stairs and looked in every room and looked under the beds and looked everywhere. He came back down and said there nobody in there. So, they had gone back out the back door. There was just a little bit of snow on, remember that, Mae? You could track them just a little piece and then kinda trailed off. Gosh, they had already taken out two or three loads of stuff.
Mike: What did they take?
Damon: Oh, television, guns…Eddie was a junior in High School…got all Mae’s cosmetics, class rings, and Eddie’s class ring, 4 or 5 guns, radio. I don’t remember what all they got—they got a whole bunch of stuff.
07:27 [DEWv13: Ames Height Road mining (07:27-8:44)]
Mike: What’s out there Ames Height Road? [Question asked as we drove past the road.]
Damon: That used to be a coal mining town. Now, the mines were down on the river. See the mines were down halfway down on the mountain. They mined the coal, and it went into the railroad cars down through there. But the people lived on top of the hill.
Mike: Is it out there now?
Damon: No! I went out there the other day, and I was showing Mae. And I said right there is where the baseball field was…every coal mining town had a baseball team. It was the first thing they did was put the field in. And you can see the rock.
Mike: We will have to walk out there some day.
Damon: Oh, there is a lot of people that goes out there.
Mike: Now, where is your house?
Damon: Right back in here. Maybe it is over this way. See that power line—that goes right up in front of our house. But I don’t know how straight it is.
Mike: How do you get out there?
Damon: Well, you have to go way around on the…and come out and walk on the ridge there, but when they put that bridge in down there….
08:44
-
• Making molasses using a horse; dog tackling the horse
• Collie dog “tackled” horse that got loose
• Bertha “riding the hog”, duplicate story
00:00 [DEWv14: Making molasses using a horse; dog tackling the horse (00:00-03:00)]
Damon: No, it was the horse, making the molasses?
Mae: Yep.
Damon: When we lived down on the farm, we had this old dog. It was a big dog. But, of course, we thought the dog could do anything, you know. Anything you asked it, and it usually did it. He’d catch a chicken or catch just about anything you wanted. He would go out and get the cows and bring them in, to milk them. The dog’s name was Bill.
Mike: What kind of dog was it?
Damon: Just a big old collie. So, we were making molasses. You know how you put the horses in the molasses mill and they go around and around and around and grind the cane into juice, which went to the molasses pan. And we were…all the kids were down in the field hitting cane. Cutting heads out of it—it is a big pod of seed. You cut the heads out to feed the chickens in the winter.
Mike: Was this over on Buffalo?
Damon: Yes, over on Buffalo, on the farm. So, in the process of…every so often they would change horses in that process of grinding the cane. Because it was a tiresome job going around, and around, and around.
Mike: Where was it? It wasn’t at your farm was it?
Damon: Yeah, we owned the mill and everything. Right on our farm. Big bottom there. So, it came time to change the horse and put the other horse in. It was real mean, and when they changed it out, it broke loose from the person that was doing the changing. Taking it out and putting the other horse in. It just reared up and struck right down the field toward us just as hard as it could come. Had this harness on. Mom was standing there with a pan, and she couldn’t think of anything to do but holler for that dog [named Bill], see, to catch that horse. And it just broke into a run…the dog as it passed the horse up. It could run faster than the horse. When it got up to it, he jumped up and caught it right in the mouth. Took its head right down between its legs. I can remember, sitting in there in that cane with that horse’s feet all up way in the air. That old horse hit the ground and didn’t get up for a long time. Liked to have killed it. You would not think it was possible…
Mike: Smart enough to do that!
Damon: Yeah, caught that horse, knowed the only place to catch it was right in the mouth. No use to catch it by the leg or nothing. And when that dog passed it, he come up and caught it right in the mouth like. When it went down, that horse’s head went right down with it.
03:00 [DEWv14: Bertha “riding the hog”, duplicate story (03:00-5:18)]
Mike: Now is that the same dog that took care of sheep and so forth?
Damon: And the hogs. We went out in the woods one time and caught a big hog. It was our hog, it wasn’t a wild hog. It had a bell on it so you could find it…big hog. That hog had run its leg through the bell collar. And it’s got that thing, what do you call it on a hog’s leg? It had gotten it through the bell collar, see, and was hanging up on it. That old hog was walking on three legs. Couldn’t get that leg out of the bell collar. So, we got up to it and Mom said, “Catch the hog, catch that hog!” So of course, the hog was just hobbling on three legs, it was no chore to catch. He just caught it, and it fell right down. So, Mom run up and got to a straddling the hog. She started to unbuckle the collar, and the dog turned the hog loose. And the down the hill it went, with her on top of it. She couldn’t get off. It run through the laurel patch; about killed her running through that brush. Finally, she got off, and the hog run off about as far as the road out there. And we got down that that time. I was just real little; I was just a little fella. Boy, she told that dog this time, “Catch that dog and hold it!” And that old dog when I got down there had that hog right by the mouth, just like that. Had its head right down in the ground and held it right there until she unbuckled that bell collar. Got its foot out of it, got off that hog and said, “Turn it loose.” He turned it loose. Mom stood there a little bit; her face had two or three big scratches on it and her hair all torn up. She turned around and looked at me and she said, “You aren’t going to tell this are you?” Of course, I didn’t until I got home.
05:18
-
• The dime and nickel story; boys going to see movie in Gauley Bridge.
00:00 00 [DEWv15: The dime and nickel story; boys going to see movie in Gauley Bridge (00:00-01:25)]
Damon: You know where Mom’s store was up there in Bentree? A fella came up there with a pickup truck on a beautiful Friday evening. Everybody was barefoot, of course, a bunch of the kids were. He said load up in the truck, we are going to the movies. Anybody that wants to go, it is 15 cents. A dime to get in the movie, and you had to give that fella a nickel to ride to Gauley and back. And we were going to make enough that he could go to the movies. We are talking pretty good money back in those days, see. So, they were all loading in that truck, but I don’t have no dime or a nickel, either. So, I asked Mom and Daddy, but it didn’t do no good. And they didn’t have anything, and nobody had…and buddy, I really...I hurt so bad. I cried because I did not have a dime and a nickel to go the movie. And I thought I’d make a little change because of that. I don’t remember what year it was, but from that year and day to this year and day I always carried a dime and a nickel. I was never ever caught without enough to go to the movies. But, of course, it took a lot of effort.
Mike: You couldn’t get much for a dime and a nickel these days, could you?
Damon: No, but a dime and a nickel back then was worth a whole a lot to you.
01:25
-
• Bertha and the general store in Bentree
00:00 [DEWv16: Bertha and the general store in Bentree (00:00-01:54)]
Damon: I could, and I got me a little bit of money, and I kept a little bit until today.
Mike: How did she [Bertha] get that store started?
Damon: When we moved out of Buffalo and come here, she came to work for Grandpa [Mullins]. It was called Mullins and Mullins. She went to work in the store and did the bookkeeping and the store work for him for $50 a month. After so long of a time, they [Grandpa] wanted out of the store. They were going to move one [sawmill] job to Lyons Creek and one to Leatherwood. They were getting out of the store, so she bought it.
Mike: Same building?
Damon: Well, she just bought the business. Lenna wouldn’t sell her the building. Lenna made more money than she did. But that was the way…
Mike: Well, it used to be there was a little building right there in front of their house?
Damon: Oh, yeah, after they agreed and disagreed on rent and so forth, Mom gave up and went over there and went into the store business for herself. In her own building, and she run the store there a long time. But then they came back, and she went back over there and opened that store back up. In fact, I think, maybe Lenna and her sister was, maybe trying to run it. And mom went back and bought it out and retired then after so long. I don’t remember who got it after that.
Mike: Well, I remember she had gasoline, kerosene, hay…
Damon: Motor oil, nails.
Mike: Just a little bit of everything, wasn’t it?
-
• Albert & Roxie (and Arie) end-of-life info
00:00 [DEWv17: Albert & Roxie (and Arie) end-of-life info (00:00-02:53)]
Dianne: Your Grandpa married again? [He married Arie J. Walker Baker, March 12, 1952.]
Damon: Yeah.
Mike: When did Roxie die?
Damon: 1948, 1949 [She died November 27, 1949.]
Mike: I was thinking I could remember her, but I could not have.
Damon: No, she died in 1949 probably. Then Grandpa lived there a little while. Then he moved, and lived in the end of that old store building of Mom’s for a while. And rented out his house, see. Then he sold his house. You know which one I am talking about…the one right down in front of Georgie Lee’s. And then after quite a little bit of time went by, if fact, about the time I went in the service. That wouldn’t have been a long time, from the time Grandma Mullins died. He married that Baker women. Clara, I believe was her name. I am not sure what her first name was. We always called her Granny Duck [or Dack].
01:42
I came out of the army in 1953; you would have been about six. Then on up until you was old enough to be playing baseball, I believe now that you was playing American Legion Baseball right here in Fayetteville. And you came up here on a Sunday morning to a game, and Denvil said that Grandpa Mullins had died. So, you probably would have been about 15 by then. So, you remember him pretty well. Of course, his mind had gotten bad. [Damon’s timing is off with these dates. Albert died February 17, 1965.]
Mike: He had quite a few houses up Sangamore. I remember going up there and painting some of those houses. And that is a pretty big job to paint a house.
Damon: Oh yeah, especially with no ladder.
Mike: I didn’t get very much money for it either. [As I recall, Bus and I got $10 a house, which we split.]
02:53
-
• Damon taking Albert to school board meeting
• Grading lumber At Charleston Lumber Company
• The sawmills in Bentree
• Damon working for Pat in high school
00:00 [DEWv18: Damon taking Albert to school board meeting (00:00-02:53)]
Mae: Grandpa belonged to the Clay County School Board, and he had to go once or twice a month to Clay to the meetings…right up there the end of the old high school.
Damon: Mae you are going to get to a point where you are going to be telling something you shouldn’t be telling, ain’t you?
Mae: Well, that’s not anything!!
Damon: Well, it is when you lock your grandfather out of the truck and leave and go home…leave him up there.
Mae: Well, you know what Grandpa would do?
Damon: He locked the truck.
Mae: He was off the truck, he couldn’t drive. Grandpa couldn’t drive. He would take the keys from the Damon when they got up there, winter and summer. Take them and put them in Grandpa’s pocket. Damon had to stay outside the truck—he had nowhere to go get warm. And he just finally just said to himself, “I have been treated wrong too many times, I am going to pay back my grandpa.”
Damon: Now see you are getting into the wrong story.
Mae: Damon got him a ride home and went upstairs and went to bed, over in Bentree. Grandpa couldn’t get nobody to bring him home. He went up to the funeral home, that was up there in a white building in Clay at that time, Clay Funeral Home. And he had a little bit of stock in it, and they brought him home in an ambulance.
Damon: Well, he was about dead!
01:35 [DEWv18: Grading lumber at Charleston Lumber Company (01:35-03:30)]
Mae: Damon’s mother was so mad at Damon that he was left outside while the others went in to eat.
Damon: We took a load of lumber one morning to the Charleston Lumber Company. They graded it board by board. Have you ever seen them grade lumber? Well, a fella got right up there on the truck, and he took that scale and put it on it. He could tell how many feet there was in a board. And then he would turn it over it and look at it…
Mike: They had a tool they used?
Damon: Yeah, and you got so much for that board. And he graded it was dots. He had a book in this hand that he could shut it and open. And when he got that done, all you had was a big column of dots. According to what part of that square that dot was in was what grade the board was, and how many feet it was in. When you got done, they took it the office and the office girl counted it up and paid him for the lumber. They had a way of grading it and paying for it.
Mike: How did you transport it?
Damon: Had it on a big truck. I don’t know what they did with it down in Charleston. We took it down there (I don’t remember who the driver way, maybe Sam Moore or somebody was driving the truck). I was just loading and helping unload it. That was before I had the dime and the nickel. When we finished, Grandpa went right in that restaurant right in front of us and set down. He didn’t eat no big meal, but he ate. And nobody else. I didn’t eat until after dark that night. I tell you, I about starved to death. I wouldn’t do that at all to my grandkids…but I guess he figured…
03:30 [DEWv18: The sawmills in Bentree (03:30-04:46)]
Mike: I never remember the sawmill he had. Was he out of the business?
Damon: The last time that Grandpa run a sawmill to amount to anything was up in Sangamore. Andy and I was still in high school. So, you wouldn’t have remembered that. Then after I got out of high school, yeah…in high school I worked a little bit for Pat down there.
Mike: Now, I remember Pat’s mill; it was down below us in Bentree.
Damon: Yes. I worked a little bit for Pat. Now Grandpa was done out of it by then. And then I went to Alloy and got a job. In fact, I worked about two or three days before I got out of high school.
Mike: Now, Dad was working at Alloy when you got a job there?
Damon: I got his picture on a magazine. I aim to give you that sometime. Did you remember…
04:46
-
• Union Carbide Hawk’s Nest hydro plant operations
• Damon welding damaged water wheel
• Glen Ferris hydro plant operations
• Alloy molten metal operations
• Different companies owned the plant at Alloy
00:00 [DEWv19: Union Carbide Hawk’s Nest hydro plant operations; Damon welding damaged water wheels (00:00-07:43)]
Damon: When we went to the hydro, to the water plant, we called it the powerhouse. And the pin stock that the turbine was working on could shut it off, big gates would shut off the water (the water would kinda squirt in around those gates a little bit).
Mike: Do you know where that is, Jim [Pinkerton]? Going up Gauley Mountain. You can see this big water…surge basin.
Jim Pinkerton: Is that where they lost men? Some kind of a graphite…
Damon: Yeah, lots and lots of men died in that. Silicosis. They went through that mountain that was high in silicon. Glass, in other words, is what it was. But when we went up there to work on this water wheel, the wheel does not go around like you think of water going on a wheel like a grist mill or something. It goes around this way. The water goes in there and dumps down into a bucket, see. Just telling it in slow motion, when it loads up a bucket it gives it a push, and then another and another one and that just turns the thing this way.
Mike: So, it is horizontal.
Damon: Yeah, yeah! You would have to have governors on to really run off, see.
01:39
It runs horizonal, this way, then there is a big shaft that goes on up to the next floor. It runs a turbine that generates the power. It is a gigantic turbine sitting there.
Mike: And there are five of those?
Damon: Five of those, well four, they never did finish the fifth one. They had five pin stocks, but they finished four of the turbines. So, you would go down under the turbine, and then on to the next floor. They would put you inside of this big water wheel.
Mike: So, they shut off the valve?
Damon: Yeah, and you can see that big valve there was about 10 ft. in diameter or so.
Mike: But there is water leaking around the valve.
Damon: They have no safety rules.
Mike: How many stories high is it?
Damon: I forget how many it is. We were down I guess about the last one you could go down. But this wheel, when the water hits in it, and sends on it, it wears on the back side of it.
Mike: Is it steel?
Damon: Some kind of steel. And it had pits worn in it. When they inspected it, they would have to have those filled up with welds. You know what a welding helmet is? They cut it off right about here [pointing somewhere around his nose] because you couldn’t pull it up and down. You just had to look under it just about like that…
Mike: So, they actually cut it off?
Damon: Yeah, had to, because you could not pull it up enough to the load…you carried your rods and…
Mike: They were arc welders, right?
Damon: And they put you in a harness. Made a harness and put you in it and dropped you down in there.
Mike: How far up?
Damon: It was a pretty good little ways. Those guys up there, you didn’t know what they was doing. Sometimes you could hear them up there telling big stories. There wasn’t anybody really straining to see what you were doing. Because you know, it was smoke and arc and everything in there. But once they put you down in there, they wanted to stay until noon or until lunch break. Then they would take you out and drop you back in. And that water wheel, the farther down you went, the narrower it got, see. It would give the water that much more surge. Then when the water dropped out, it dropped right into the river. You were in there with the harness on and the rope holding you. We worked…I think I worked 7 weeks on it. It was about the most miserable job I ever had in my life.
Mike: As I understood it, you were sometimes welding over your head?
Damon: Well, a lot of it was over your head. Because the way this bucket curved you would be welding up here just like this. Not exactly straight over head but…
Mike: Sparks coming back down on you.
Damon: Yeah, you had a leather jacket on right up around your head, because your hood didn’t give you much protection, see. You were so close to the wall. Your back was against the back of it, and that much in front of you. So, actually you could just barely pull that hood up to get another rod in your stinger, and you were welding right there.
Mike: A few inches away from your face.
Damon: Yeah.
Mike: And you were doing that seven months?
Damon: Seven weeks. Yeah.
Mike: How many times did you have to do that?
Damon: I only did it one time. Oh sure, other people had to go do it. Maybe before and after, before I got caught in it and after I left, probably they have worked on them again. We just worked on one wheel.
Mike: Did you do any other maintenance in that building? I never was in that building.
Damon: Yeah, they do a lot of maintenance in it, but I wasn’t doing anything else. Back when they built that thing, safety was not too big a thing. There were absolutely no safety rules. They didn’t say if something happens you go out this way or out that way or where to go. You just wouldn’t know where to go. That whole bottom floor were those gates…see they close…if the governor on that thing would kick it off it closed automatically. That valve closed automatically, and the pin went it. We went in there and looked it all over. They told us to look it over. But still it did not feel very good when you were down in there.
Jim: How long ago was that?
Damon: That was in…oh that has been 35 years ago. I moved up here 42 years ago, and I hadn’t lived here very long then. Maybe 5, 6, 7 years. The only good thing about it was you only had to drive there and back; you didn’t have to go all the way to the plant. We got off a little earlier.
07:43 [DEWv19: Glen Ferris hydro plant (07:43-08:08)]
Mike: Now, I know that is where the hydro plant is, so to speak. But down at Glen Ferris where they got that building, where they divert the water through there, is there power generation there?
Damon: Oh, yeah! They have to have converters on that power. I don’t know that much about power.
Mike: Well, you know Dad was in charge of that at one time.
08:08 [DEWv19: Alloy molten metal operations (08:08-14:29)]
Damon:iYeah, but that power has to be converted...it is a different…see you have more things…you have one phase, two phase, three phase. And some of them furnaces down at the plant run on one carbon and it arced with the ground. To melt the mix. The next maybe would have two carbons in it. It would arc one to the other…one would furnish the ground and the
and one would furnish the power. That would create the arc in the bottom of the furnace, see. And then of course, they had three, four…now wait a minute, I don’t remember. They had one, two and three, I know. But I believe they had a bigger furnace than that.
09:08
Damon: I have been right there when they started them up, right when they started. Put that mix in the bottom of that furnace and just start to cook and just real light. As it cooked up, it formed a pool of molten metal, and they just kept pouring the mix in there. They knew exactly what to put in it.
Mike: Add a little bit at a time.
Damon: Yeah, add different mixes in it until they got her up to a...cook so many hours. They would tap and that left so much in there, you know. Then their second cook up would be lot faster.
Mike: So then how did they get the metal out of there? Did they pour it?
Damon: They had a big tap hole in the front of it. They would put a clay ball in it. They would mix up clay and put a little carbon and stuff in it. They actually had a big fork, laid it on a roller and laid that ball on it. They would roll it right up that hole, and another man would take a plugging iron, slide it right up there. Plug that thing right in the hole. Then they would keep tampering around on it, until they got the hole so that it would not leak. Then they would cook the furnace up and when they wanted to tap it and get the metal out of it again, you could punch that clay…fire would fly everywhere. Then it would run out in a big pot, see. Ladle.
Mike: So, then what did they do with the ladle? How did they…
Damon: Picked it up with a crane, with two big ears. They would pick it up and then put a chain on the tail of it. Pick it up and get her just right, where they had these big pouring tables. Pour that metal right out in it.
Mike: Into ingots?
Damon: Pretty good-sized pieces. Big as…almost as big as this carpet here.
Mike: How thick?
Damon: About like that. Then they had a big set of tongs that would go down and pick it up and lay it on a transfer cart going to the packing department.
Mike: So that is a pretty good sized...
Damon: Oh yeah, they would weigh…
Mike: 6’ by 8’...that seems like it would be pretty heavy.
Damon: Well, it would be, but they had some…
Mike: Rack it up and…
11:24
Damon: Then it started cooling. See they pulled it while it was still red. Because…well, different metal done different things. But all of it when it started cooling it started breaking. When you get it over there...why I have seen it just pop and crack and break right in two.
Mike: Now, these would be alloys that they add to steel or…
Damon: Just raw alloy—like when they made chrome, silicon, and manganese and what was the real bad one they made…vanadium? That was one that was bad, hard on your health.
Mike: Where did these ores come from?
Damon: Oh, I don’t know where vanadium come…they would mix them together. A lot of them came from Africa, South America, some from Colorado. They mixed those ores together—those engineers that studied that knew how to mix it. Of course, if they did not come out just right, they would keep adding and taking from. Keeping the recipe down, see. A lot of times it made a difference of how long they cooked it. Just the right amount. And that metal in the middle of 19
13:06
up in there, it all went into things like motor blocks or real good grade of steel, gun barrels and all that kind of stuff, see. The vanadium made dentist tools, and all that kind of stuff. They had a lot of strength about them, drills the dentist drill your teeth with.
Mike: And they are still doing that down there, aren’t they?
Damon: No, they don’t make any vanadium there now.
Mike: But they are still making alloys, right?
Damon: Oh, yeah, they cut down and cut some things out. The one of the reasons they did away with a lot of those metals was to keep down contamination. Cost a lot of money. You would take a big Euclid and send it out there and haul in so much chrome ore. Then they had to take that thing, wash it out, clean it before they could haul in the manganese or whatever you was hauling. Now they make silicon. That is what they made a lot of mild steel out of it. That is about all they make now, silicon. They don’t have the expense of cleaning or nothing. They just make metal.
14:29 [DEWv19: Different companies owned the plant at Alloy (14:29-18:09)]
Mike: Well, now Union Carbide basically went out of business. Elkem took over. Where did Elkem come from? Were they a foreign company?
Damon: They came from Norway. See, I worked for Electro Metallurgical Company to start with, then Carbide bought Metallurgical Company. Then Elkem bought that from Carbide. I worked for three different companies and never changed lockers.
Mike: I didn’t realize that Metallurgical Company was separate from Union Carbide. I thought it was always Union Carbide.
Damon: No, No. Metallurgical was there about the time I came out of service. Carbide bought it. They called it…there was people who worked there, called him Uncle Charlie, they called him Uncle Charlie Carbide. I don’t know where that come from.
Mike: Now at one point there must have been you, Dad, and Grandpa, and I don’t know if Dale or Doyle…
Damon: Doyle.
Mike: So, four of you must have worked there at the same time.
Damon: I don’t think Dale ever did work there. Me, Denvil, Daddy, Doyle, Eugene all worked there. That is when they did the bookkeeping with pencil. You know, they had bookkeepers; they had a big staff of people that worked in there. Of course, you know about that back in the 50’s. My initial DE and Denvil’s was DJ, and Doyle’s was DC. They would get us mixed up, something terrible. Then they changed it all around and gave you a number. Your name didn’t mean crap then. It was just your number. It started out from the bottom and went up with numbers. Your numbers was really supposed to represent your seniority. But then that changed every day—when somebody retired and somebody else would hire in. Mine was 1789. I kept the same number until I retired. But by the time I retired, there weren’t probably two or three hundred people there older than I was, maybe not even that many.
Mike: What year did you retire?
Damon: Let me think now, Mike. It was 1984, I believe. Been a long time in a way.
Mike: Has been awhile: 20 years.
Damon: I left a little bit early. And I don’t regret it. Just like you was talkin’ the other day, you know. It got that way down there. Gets that way everywhere, I think.
Mike: Every job, if you stay at it long enough, get tedious.
Damon: Let’s go out in the garage. I want to show you something.
18:09
-
• Albert & Roxie courtship
• Workman family military experiences
00:00 [DEWv20: Albert & Roxie courtship (00:00-03:09)]
Damon: They came over from Calvin to Dog Run for revival meetings, which lasted several days.
Mike: Who would come?
Damon: Grandma Mullins family. See, she was a Mullins, too. They would come and bring their kids and their neighbors would come. Neighbors at Dog Run would take care of them...they did that back in those days.
Mike: How long would it last?
Damon: The revival would last 2-3 weeks, depending on how long the preacher would go. Anyway, Grandpa Mullins was about 6 ft. 2 or 3, and Grandma hardly come up under his arm, see. So, he got to walkin’ home with her in the winter. Everything like that was done in the cold weather, when you couldn’t farm. Guy [Mullins] was the one talking to Grandpa about this. They had to come down from the church and cross the creek on a foot log. Where the dew and the mist from the water get up on the foot log, it was just solid ice. So, with Grandpa being a large man and her a little person in statute, he held her as she walked across that icy foot log. He waded the creek, see. Guy said, “How deep was the water?” He said, “Well, up to about your knees.” Guy said, “Old man, was that water pretty cold.” “No,” he said, “I didn’t notice it being cold.” He said, “Then you had a bad case of it….” Ole Guy just rolled and laughed and went over that about four or five time, telling Grandpa that he really had a love affair.
Mike: So how long after that before they got married?
Damon: They got married right away. I think the next spring. Grandpa said he worked one day a week the first year they were married, on public works. Two days the next year. And the next year he was pretty steadily employed. He worked four days. [Laughter all around.] Rest of the time they just farmed. Grandpa [Nathan] Workman didn’t work that much—I can tell you that. Grandpa [Albert] Mullins was a good worker. Grandpa Workman was kind of a Bible student. He done all the reading and teaching and Grandma [Juditha] did the hoeing. I can remember that way off.
03:09 [DEWv20: Workman family military experiences (03:09-19:28)]
Those boys…they had four boys in the army at one time, World War II. All of them sending them an allotment. Cardell, Donald, Obie, and Holly. They were in the army. World War II. See, Daddy would have been 40 by then, 41 when the war started. He was too old to go in, you might say. And Alton was way up there, too old.
Mike: Well, my dad was right at the end of World War II.
Damon: Yeah, they caught him way down in it. He didn’t go right at first.
Kermit Workman: He was in Germany, wasn’t he? He was there right at the end and then after the clean-up, too, wasn’t he?
Mike: Right.
Damon: Came back and was headed for Japan. Got to Kansas City and Japan surrendered. I heard a discussion down to American Legion Hall one time. We had two people come in there; they were pretty well read. They were debating whether they should have dropped the A bomb. This one guy said they should have done it before they did. The other one said they shouldn’t have dropped it...how many people it killed and all that. And he said that when they dropped that A bomb it killed so many people…he had numbers…so many thousand people. And other one said that if they hadn’t have dropped it and invaded Japan there would have been two to three times that number killed. And most of them would have been Americans. Where this way, it was the enemy that died. And when they seen they was really going after the hometown meat, well, they stopped it, ya see.
Mike: Now what is the difference in age between you and Dad?
Damon: Seven years.
Mike: Did you ever talk to him about army experiences, trade stories?
Damon: Oh, yeah! He told me there is only thing you have to do when you went in the army. Keep your mouth shut! He said “I can give you all the advice you need. Just keep your mouth shut.” I guess that was about all the advice you needed.
Mike: I remember as a kid, him telling stories. But obviously I cannot remember any of the stories.
Damon: I know we were surprised when they sent him up to Michigan to school for so long. See, he was right up there going to school for about 18 months, and the war was going on. Actually, if he hadn’t joined the Air Force and got in what he was in, he probably would have been over there a long time before.
Kermit: Wasn’t he a bombardier?
06:12
Damon: He trained and actually went in as a cadet. Then if you worked out as a cadet, they so called, you went to the next whatever you were qualified to do. He was actually there in Germany mostly there as a navigator. But I don’t know if he flew any there, or not. That is kinda the way they downgraded you. And the biggest thing was demand. Back in World War II, when the war was over, they just shut her down you see.
Mike: Now he had told me at one time that he did some some parachute jumping. I don’t know how it was connected, but somehow he got into instructing people in flight. Do you know anything about that?
Damon: No. See they had to take enough of that to save themselves. They weren’t jumping, but if something got a wrong, any person on that plane was qualified to jump. See, that fella I worked with down at the plant, one time, he told about them jumping. They went somewhere and was coming back across the southern part of, or somewhere in Africa. There was big, big sand. And they thought they was over water, instead of the sand. They kept coming down and losing altitude and losing altitude and coming down, coming down. They got close to where they could see it was sand, instead of water—they had lost all sense of direction almost. They had been hit several times. So, the pilot told the people to stay on board; he thought he could land it. He thought he could scoot in on that sand, see. So, they hit the sand and scooted. Of course, that happened a lot of time during the war, but he scooted it out in the sand. And then they got out and went through an awful ordeal. After they got out of the plane, they didn’t have any food, any water, no direction. They didn’t know whether to go this way or that way. And they just laid out there and waited, and waited, and waited and nobody never come, never come and finally they started to walk out. Finally, someone discovered them and either dropped them food, dropped them water, or dropped them radios or something. They finally got most of them out. But I remember seeing a movie sometime where a plane landed out there and every one of them died. Wasn’t a one of them that got out, not a one.
09:09
Kermit: You got any good war stories, Damon?
Damon: I didn’t get in it. I went when…I left right at the beginning of the Korean War. Took all my training. Russia was pounding the war drum real hard, right above German. So, they sent about as many people to Germany as they did Korea. That is where I went. I went to Germany and stayed there just to…I don’t know what we went over there for, because we didn’t have anything to fight with. We were just over there for head count is all.
Mike: Where were you in Germany?
Damon: Went to Augsburg and Munich and Worms. Left out of Munich. I was there where they killed all them Jews.
09:53
Then Dale was there.
Mike: I thought you were in at the same time.
Damon: Yeah, he was in England. And he came over to Germany on some kinds of extra duty, I don’t know what it was. He seen some fella there that had a patch on, one just like I wore. Dale walked up to him and asked him, “Where is that outfit at, I have a brother in that?” And he asked him a little bit about it and the officer said I know where they are at. If you want to go out there, I will take you out there; that is where I am going. So, Dale had two or three day pass. He came out, and I was working on an old truck. And I turned about and looked, and he was standing there. And I thought boy you are way out of place, you know. I didn’t know, had no idea he was around, see. So then by the time, we had to walk about a pretty good ways back to the company commander’s office, 100 yards. And by the time we got back to the company commanders office, he done had me a pass wrote out. He gave me a pass and sent us back to town. And I stayed…we were just out there playing war anyway. And they sent Dale and me back in old half-track autocar. And they said that it was supposed to go back into maintenance, back in headquarters for maintenance. It was just an excuse. We drove it back into headquarters right where I was stationed and parked it. I showered and dressed and headed for town. We spent three days there probably, and then he had to go back to England. My outfit was moving back in camp, see. But they...it was really a pitiful situation the way the politics played it. And they are doing it right now. There are people that just don’t know. We were there in Germany; they sent us over in the boat loads. We would take a truck that would run; stretch a big, long string as far as you could see. Pull them trucks right up to the front of them, just touch the string. Some of them had motors, some of the had no transmissions, some had no… They lined them all up, shined them all up. Awfullest looking army you ever seen. Those tanks all lined up, and half them didn’t even have a shell or anything to put in their gun.
Mike: Showing force, right?
Kermit: They did a thing on that on the History Channel, I seen it. The first people in Korea was there like you say with stuff that was in disrepair from World War II. And they went in there with nothing to fight with.
Damon: This fella stood up in a jeep, I don’t know who he is now, general. I seen Eisenhower while I there. He did not come back to the states until the next year to campaign for President. But I can remember that General coming by. I am sure he was a general; in a jeep with a place for him for him to stand up there, you know. Of course, Armed Forces in front of him and behind him and drove by and saluting and all this and that. And he went through and drove up and down through there for a half hour and then left. They come out the next morning combat ready. Mean bunch of men, see. Well, we couldn’t have fought our way out of a powder puff. I wouldn’t care to bet you half of the people there did not have a gun to shoot. They didn’t even know how to shoot because we had no ammunition to practice, see. We got a little bit of training back in the national guard there in the 45th Infantry Division. When they sent that second armed infantry division over other, they just went over there to bluff. But we didn’t have nothing. Of course, they maybe didn’t know it.
Mike: Well, that it probably why they did it, to just…
Damon: I remember one time we was camping down by the Rhine River, big bottom creek, pretty land. This officer camp up there (it was about daylight) announced that we was playing war. He said that we were going to be attacked, be under attack before 8:00 or 9:00, be ready.
14:42
Well, we had these big old turrets on these guns. You got up there and cranked and cranked it around and around, and then cranked it up and got on them. That is how you shot at an airplane. Airplane would have to come over and spot it, and you waited to get sight of it before you could shoot him. Was about how inaccurate they were. We was all sitting around there, and I said, “Well, you better watch one of them coming, in a little bit.” We was pretty close to it in time. Man, all at once there was this awefullest noise I ever heard in my life. The first time I had ever laid eye on a real fighter jet. And they came up that river; they was about as high off the ground as here over to that car. Way out-flying the sound, them things went over the top of us. Just seen the smoke when that sound hit us. That is the first I dreamed of how much that airplane had. I said, “Boy, I hope you have a lot of them.” Now I had read not too long after that, that they began to get some of those fighter jets in Korea, to compete with the Russians. But now the Air Force and Army we had there in Germany couldn’t have whooped an ant hill. Big old black ant hill attacking…
Mike: I was over in Germany 1996. Went over there for two weeks. Toured Germany, France, Luxemburg and went around looking for suppliers for HVAC because we were doing a sourcing for a program there. But we stayed in Wiesbaden, not far from Frankfort. Well, I had totally forgotten that that was where Dad was in the war. I got a rental car and drove up to Wiesbaden. On the way, there was a little sign, off the side of the road, that said “US Air Force Base.” Right there was where he was stationed, at least a good portion of the time when he was in Germany.
Damon: I don’t remember any of his stories…just that he’d write home pretty often to Mommy and Daddy. But the war was done. If I am not mistaken, it was completely over when he got over there. All they were doing was just kinda mopping up the things.
[World War II officially ended on 9/2/1945. Denvil enlisted 5/15/1943, and was in Europe for about six months, starting 10/25/1945.]
Damon: But you know one of the pitiful stories that I remember, in my time, that always comes flashing back to me. Dana and Andy Adkins: Dana could read, but Andy could hardly read. You remember him. And he just about had to listen to what people told him about the war and stuff, see. He’d come down to the house almost every day. Him and Daddy would sit out the back porch and go over the latest part of the news. You didn’t get the news like you do now. All they were talking about was about the war getting over, see.
18:32
He had a boy that they called Little Albert. He was stationed right there on that German line, somewhere in there pretty close. And the news came out that day that the Germans had surrendered, the war was over in Germany. Him and Dana come down to the house, and you know what a grown man and woman were so overjoyed that their son had made it. They just really, really (I could remember some of the actions they went through) were so happy that their son had made it through the war. It was the last day of the war. And you know about a week later they got a telegram that he got killed on the last day of the war. Yes siree! Yes, sir.
19:28
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• Origin of the term “redneck”
• Coal mining unions in southern WV
• Commentary on mining coal in this area
• Coal mining in Bentree
• The politics of mining in Widen and Dundon
• Seth driving Damon’s Cadillac
00:00 [DEWv21: Origin of the term “redneck” (00:00-02:30)]
Damon: This Mother Jones that lived…lots and lots of good history in there about the Jones.
Mike: Where was this?
Damon: Down in the southern part of West Virginia. Paint Creek, Cabin Creek, Mingo County and all. That was before the unions were organized. They were in the organizing stage, see. When they was going up Paint Creek, it began to get pretty rough, see. They all carried guns and everything. Well, they would stop and have critiques and meetings and so forth in different places. But the question was, they really didn’t know who to shoot. Whether they were shooting one of their people or one the thugs, you know they called them. That was against the union. So she went and got a bunch of red material and cut out handkerchiefs and pinned them around their necks. That way you could determine the union officials from what they called the thugs, them people that wasn’t union. And they went right up Paint Creek and even had resistance with the army up in there. And that is where the Red Necks started from.
Mike: Really?
Damon: So, that’s exactly where the Red Necks come from.
Mike: So then, how did it morph over to redneck we think of today?
Damon: Well, lordy, it’s a long story. But now that is where it started. It was the Red Necks from down in southern West Virginia. And that is what started it right there. But now you hear these songs about what you have to be, to be a redneck or if you do this you are a redneck or if you do that you are a redneck. But now back at that time, if you were a Red Neck, you were a Red Neck. If you wasn’t a Red Neck, you weren’t a Red Neck. It was just that simple, see. They would shoot you over it. And they did shoot a lot of people. There was a lot of people that didn’t make it through them organizing of them unions.
02:30 [DEWv21: Coal mining unions in southern WV (02:30-05:55)]
I talked to an old fella here one time down at the ballpark. He was a real old guy. And he said that he worked in the mines down there. Kroger had a tiny little store here in Fayetteville at that time. He said he would get paid…you weren’t supposed to get paid, you were supposed to draw it all out in groceries. But they knew he lived on a little farm and had a cow and a few things. So, he did draw some money, see paid about all the time. He said that he would take his money home with him They would pick a neighbor and give that neighbor so much money to get a little coffee and a few things like that. And they would go to Kroger and get them paper bags of coffee, and he named what they would buy at Kroger. But he couldn’t get it at the company store. They’d bring it back and slip it in his house in the night, because if anyone caught him doing it, he wouldn’t have no job.
03:39
That was how rough they got with him. And these people that come in here and run these mines back then, they were all from New York and New Jersey. They were thugs to start with, see. And they came in here and just opened these coal mines up on them steep mountains. And just put that coal right down the mountain through pipes into the cars. A lot of places had tipples, but a lot of places didn’t. They came right up this New River here and opened the mines and run the coal down the mountain. And just came back so far in the hill, with those ponies. And when it got it a little too far to pull the car they would say, “Worked out!” Left a little drift not filled in. These whole mountains in here are full of water! Eddie told me a little while back that they didn’t get a fraction of the coal out of here, that was here. Now they later came and went back behind a lot of those and shaft mined. Which you know that is a very dangerous situation because if you go back and break into one of them mines… You know where that motel is right out there out of Fayetteville, right down there in the low place there from that motel, they drilled a big well. Of course, they had enough maps and stuff. They pumped water out of it over into a pond where Fayetteville gets their water from. I guess if you dig into one of them, why you would be washed out, see! I cannot hardly imagine it, but when they started pulling coal out of the mountain with ponies… If you would go back ¾ of a mile or so, you wouldn’t make very many trips out of there in a day. So, if you got back too far, then they would just say, “Worked Out!” Mine’s worked out, shut down, and they move it.
05:55 [DEWv21: Commentary on mining coal in this area (05:55-07:31)]
Mike: How close together did they make those shafts?
Damon: Now gosh, I don’t know how many mines, you mean up this river?
Mike: Yeah, I remember behind out house there in Bentree..
Damon: Oh, yeah, there are mines up there.
Mike: There were all kinds of big shafts. I don’t remember…
Damon: Well, that was probably strip mining.
Mike: They went back in, augered back in.
Damon: Yeah, yeah. They got those things now…they can just leave a block of coal and drill a big hole, and then just set over and drill another and drill another. That is the cheapest way to mine in the world. Once you get that faced up and strip it. Then the big auger just…
06:43
They just bore that coal when they auger it. Then that is all supposed to be covered up you know and all that…a lot of laws and regulations that’s watered down you know. But back then they didn’t have any rules and regulations in mining. Main thing was just to mine the coal and give somebody a job, see. There weren’t many questions asked about how, when. And no maps—what maps they had been worked up, they just throwed away anyway. Probably didn’t have any to start with.
07:31 [DEWv21: Coal mining in Bentree (07:31-09:22)]
And you take up there at Bentree…there was a lot of mines up through there. There was a tipple right behind the charcoal plant. They mined all up Gauley Hollow. And a lot of times I wondered how they got that coal. Now, I can remember when we moved to Bentree back in 1937, you know where the Ida Church was. See there was no railroad track went up there. But right about the Ida Church, across the creek, there is a big slate pile on that mountain where they mined. And when they picked slate, they just throwed over the hill, see. Just run out there a dumped it. Now how did they get that coal from up there down to the railroad. The railroad came up to right about where Mr. Ramsey’s store was [it ended at Elswick’s Sawmill]. You know come right up to about there. And the old railroad tracks ended right down around the curve below where you lived. Them cement pillars. That’s where the tipple was at. Now that was the end of the railroad track. I don’t know how they got that coal there. They didn’t have trucks to haul that coal in, you know.
[According to eyewitness account by Laura Kiser, there was a narrower gage “tram” railroad that ran from the tipple up the creek.]
Mike: They took all of that railroad out of there. It’s not there anymore.
Damon: Oh, it’s been gone a long time, yeah! Here is the thing about that. Let’s say the railroad track, each county bust their hide for taxes, you see. Now we went down there down there and went up Elk River yesterday. Down to Kanawha and turned up Elk, now see that railroad is all gone plumb into Clay. And that’s what they did, they taxed them, just taxed them to death with it, and they pulled the railroad out.
Mike: That is a shame!
09:22 [DEWv21: The politics of mining in Widen and Dundon (09:22-13:50)]
Damon: So, we don’t have a railroad now. Eddie told me a story about going to Widen, when he worked for Pittston. And they owned Widen, of course. And there is a big gymnasium built separately from the school. And it was no doubt the nicest building in Widen, by far. I mean the big round cement steps and the gymnasium and heat and mex flooring and all that stuff. Really, really nice. They sent him up there and they had a yig [?], wasn’t a town council and a mayor and so forth. Went up there and met with them and told them, “Now the company sent me up here to sell you fellows that building. We want to sell that building to the city of Widen. And we are willing to sell it for a dollar.” They talked for a while and said, “Now wait a minute we are not ready to buy yet.” And so he went back and told Pittston. So, they got kinda upset, you know. Of course, the Clay County Board was a laying that tax into them from the rears. Taxing that building in it. So, if it went to the City of Widen there wouldn’t be any more tax on it.
Eddie went back up there and was willing to even pay them to take it, but legally he had to charge them a dollar, see. And that women said, “Now listen. I have heard you fellows, a long time ago. As long as Pittston owns this building, they are going to pay the light bill, they are going to pay the heat bill, they are going to pay the taxes, they are going to do this and that. Why should we take it? We are going to use it anyway. So why have we got to do that? We like it the way it is, we like for the company to take care of it.”
11:16
Eddie said, “I am going to tell you one thing. If you don’t take that building, we are going to tear it down.” She said, “We’ve heard that song sung many a time up here.” Big wrecking crew come in and tore it down. Tore it down, and there isn’t anything left but cement steps. Real fine building. He said they went to Clay time after time, wrote, called, everything. And those people said no, it’s worth so much money, so much going to pay tax on it.
Damon: All down that railroad track, they had communities where they did the track work. Pretty good company houses, but nothing extra good. And then you come into Dundon, now they had some pretty good houses. They had a gymnasium and different things there in Dundon. Tore them down, tore them down right to the ground, buddy, every one of them. Because they would not cut their… and you know all those people had to have somewhere to live. But back in that day and time, they’d just come and tell you they were going to tear your house down. You’d better find you a place because… and they just tore them down because they…In other words, you couldn’t give it to them. If they left them there…all these people were getting old…could have had welfare and so forth.
Now up at Widen, they sold everybody their house. If it was a four-room house you paid $400 for it, six-room house you paid $600. They had some eight-room houses, you paid $800 for those. Lot, house, and all. And they sold most of the houses in Widen. And then just run a little bit and shut down. And then a lot of them people moved out and were gone. There are still a few people that live in Widen. Some of them fixed some of those old houses up.
13:50 [DEWv21: Seth driving Damon’s Cadillac (13:50-14:36)]
[Telling Seth goodbye, as he is heading to work.]
Damon: Seth called out here one night and was having trouble with his truck. He said, “Paw Paw, you care if I borrow one of your vehicles to go to work in the morning.’ I said, “No, I don’t care, Seth.” He said, “Okay!” Well, the next morning, he was going early, I think he had to leave at 5:00 or 5:30. I heard a noise, got up and looked out there. There went my brand-new Cadillac down the road!
Mike: He took your new Cadillac!
Damon: [Laughing!!!] Well, of course, if you look back, he said, “…your vehicle.” And I said, “Yes.” Had them both in the garage, see. So, he took it to Summersville. But he’s driven it over there several times.
-
• Denvil and Damon drive to Akron to get Kate
• Denvil & Kate married in Bentree while he was on furlough
• Denvil & Kate lived in Bentree after he got out of service
• Damon tells about trip to Akron when Phyllis was married
• Trip to Akron for Cecil Kiser’s funeral
00:00
Damon: We’ll all be under different supervision in about five minutes, Mike. [Mae talking in background, to Carol. She was apparently leaving the house.] Maybe less than five minutes. Everything will be back to normal.
Damon: Mae means well, but all those rules went out the door, right now. Boy, it used to make her so mad, we’d tell her…now when you leave the rules have all changed.
01:50 [DEWv22: Denvil & Damon drive to Akron to get Kate; they were married in Bentree, while he was on furlough (01:50-02:45)]
Mike: I was talking to Mom the other day about Dad’s war service. She was telling me that you had gone with him up to Akron one time. I don’t know, was that before he went into the service?
Damon: Denvil and I went up there to get Catherine. I don’t know what year they were married in. Can you remember what year it was?
Mike: I think about 1945.
Damon: Maybe the first part of ‘45. But we took this old car of Daddy’s and went up there and stayed a couple of nights. And the biggest thing that I remember about it all was that they had television. Lord, I didn’t even know what it was, kinda scared me. I had been to the movie, I guess before, but I think Catherine’s dad worked in the…
Mike: Yeah, he was in electronics right in the beginning.
02:45 [DEWv22: Denvil & Kate lived in Bentree after he got out of service (02:45-04:18)]
Damon: So, Catherine came back with him, and they got married I think at Mr. Rider’s, there in Bentree. [They were actually married at Georgia Lee’s home.] Then Denvil spent these little two or three days, or whatever he had left on his furlough, in Bentree. Then he went back oversees. I’d say he was gone maybe two years, or a year and a half. He came back and they started housekeeping in that little house of McGraw’s, right across the creek from… Then I believe they moved into that old store building there, in front of us. Housing was tough to get, you know.
Mike: That’s where I first would have lived then.
Damon: Yes. You were born, that is where they brought you back to right there in the store building. Of course, me and Dale and Doyle was just…everything was fun to us. And, of course, we didn’t know Catherine that well you know, and she’d clean you up real good, and then we would give you a piece of chocolate candy. You’d have it all in your hair. Boy, she’d get so mad she’d just blow up. I can remember that well.
Mike: I have heard stories about grease and oil and stuff, too, so.
04:18 [DEWv22: Damon tells about trip to Akron when Phyllis was married (04:18-07:18)]
Damon: I was going to tell you about that when I was visiting. Your mother was putting up wallpaper in the kitchen: just plain blue, sorta of a heavy gauge wallpaper.
Mike: Where was that?
Damon: At that house in Akron. And you put it up and tacked it. And she used little squares of white shoebox and put a tack through that. Then tacked her paper down the walls; that tack wouldn’t come through the paper. We watched her, and someone was helping her. I think your grandfather, and I can’t remember if there were any of those boys, or kids, were or not. But she was papering some in that room. I had never seen them paper that way before, see. Mom would mix up flour and make a glue, you know, and paste it on the walls. But that was a real wall papering, that she was putting up. And that is the way she put it up. And you would go in there and them big old white tabs up and down the wall. But it looked it good after she got done. But then we went back to their house when Phyllis was married. See we went to McNutt’s, and we went to your grandparents. You went with us that time. I was working at the plant and bought a new 1950 model Chevrolet car. That is what we went up there in, you, and Bussy, Catherine, Freda, and me. We stayed there at your grandfather’s. McNutt’s was busy getting the wedding off, see. We stayed until it was over, and then we came back. The next time I was there was when I came back out of service; we had friends lived in Medina. We went to visit them, and, of course, Phyllis lived there in Akron at the time. Her and Joe. So, we went to their…
Mike: Barberton, I recall.
Damon: Yeah. So, we went to their house and to your people’s house and then up to the family in Medina. When we left there, we came back home. But I believe that would have been a couple of years after I got out of the army, or at least a year.
07:18 [DEWv22: Trip to Akron for Cecil’s funeral (07:18-09:30)]
I remember one detail. I bought a new Plymouth car, and Denvil was at work. I was too, of course, too. He come asked me if he could borrow my car, because Catherine’s dad had had a stroke. We were at the plant, and I told him that he could. I don’t remember if they got there or had just gotten there a short time, and he passed away. Then they went from there on to…was he buried in Pennsylvania? I believe. [Cecil died and was buried in Akron.]
Mike: Boy, I don’t know.
Damon: They went to Pennsylvania for something, from Akron. Denvil, Catherine and her mother.
08:12
And I believe they, I was thinking that they buried him in Pennsylvania. But maybe they buried him there, and the just went over there to visit and back. But Betty lived in Pennsylvania at the time. Betty’s boy didn’t get killed at that time, did he?
Mike: No, it was a little later.
Damon: She had a son you know that the tree fell on.
Mike: Yes, that is right. That was the youngest one, and then the oldest was killed in an accident
Damon: On construction
Mike: On highway construction. Yeah.
Damon: But I don’t remember the details. I don’t remember why, but they went on over to Pennsylvania after your grandfather’s death. And believe it or not, when she came home…Catherine came back, Mrs. Kiser had sent me a pair of shoes for the use of the car and this and that. She sent me a new pair of shoes and I’ve got them upstairs yet.
Mike: You are kidding me.
Damon: No, I’ve got them. You’ll see them. I’ll show you what he got. Now he wasn’t no….
09:30
-
• Damon’s military service time relative to Denvil’s
• Damon’s basic training; being sent to Europe
• Ramsey, Marshall connection to us in Bentree
• War stories—Fayetteville man
• War stories—Denvil
• More war stories
• Doyle & Darrel not in service; Dale was in Europe at same time as Damon
• Damon and Dale caught in fight in latrine in Augsburg, Germany
• Damon won $75 in bingo; took 15-day furlough to tour Europe
• Back to stories about Denvil
• Andy Adkins’ son, Little Albert, dies on last day of war
• Eddie joins conversation
• Damon finishes war stories; Wib’s son dies in Georgia.
00:00
Damon: …25 dollars or maybe more.
Mike: Florsheim, I bet.
Damon: That was your…
00:12 [DEWv23: Damon’s military service time relative to Denvil’s (00:00-03:09)]
Mike: Now I was trying to figure out when you were in the service relative to Dad.
Damon: Denvil done come back. And I was telling you the story about going up there and Phyllis getting married. I came back and very shortly got my draft notice. I went to Korea…
Mike: So, you were drafted?
Damon: I was drafted, yeah, in the first part of the Korean War in 1951.
Mike: So, you would have been…that would have been four or five years after…
Damon: Yeah. See, Denvil come out of the service in ‘45, I reckon, or right close to ‘46. And then he was home ‘47, ‘48, ‘49, ‘50, ‘51…he was home five years before I went into the service.
01:00 [DEWv23: Damon’s basic training; being sent to Europe (1:00-09:20)]
Mike: How did you end up in Europe, then?
01:09
Damon: Well, we went to Camp Lejeune [North Carolina] and joined the 45th Infantry Division. They were out of Oklahoma. I can remember the company I was in. The high school principal up there in that town was company commander. And the football coach was first sergeant. It was as near of nothing as you could…they had people in there that was sergeants, corporals that couldn’t even take a rifle apart. In the National Guard up there, see, whoever had the highest education got the highest position in the National Guard. They sent a bunch of them. Of course, I was drafted and didn’t know any better either, until I went over. When I turned my ankle and it was swollen up, I went to the medics that morning. That old sergeant, oh, he was arrogant. I was over there until noon before I got back, you know. He got right up in my face and just hollered. He said, “I’ll see you finish a full sixteen weeks of basic training, if I have to do it on my own time on Sunday.” He said, “There ain’t nobody breakin’ on me, you know.” Well, I went right up to the very last thing and was getting ready to go to Korea. We even packed the garbage cans and everything and was shipping them. If I remember, I don’t know if we had bunks, or they’d have shipped them. Right up to the very last thing and we fell out. They was over…a bigger number of men than they were going to take. So, they said any man in here that has two kids, fall out. Fall out in the back. And there were four or five people who went to the back. And anybody in here who has not finished a full 16 weeks of training, fall out in the back. Buster, I wheeled around and to the back I went. See, I lacked a half a day of finishing that. Yeah, and they said a full 16 weeks. That sergeant told me, “You will finish 16 weeks Basic Training.” So, I fell out. If you had been sick one day or a week.
Mike: That didn’t count,
Damon: Yeah, you hadn’t finished basic training. I think they had about a thousand men they had to cull out, see. I really went on back when I found out that deal, because I knew any place I went couldn’t be any worse. So, the company, the division, moved out. And boy they went into Korea and got slaughtered. They were the worst casualties; they lost more people than any other division over there. Then they took the leftovers that I was in, sent us to Fort Hood, Texas. And the 2nd Army Infantry Division and boy when I got over there, I found out I didn’t know nothing about the Army. They put you through the course, and it wasn’t just hollering and carrying on. They really trained you. And then when they got us ready and finished, why they sent the 2nd Army Infantry to Europe. And I went over with them.
Mike: So, what was going on over in Europe at that time?
Damon: Just the Russians up there shooting them big guns on the border. Every night, boy…one time I was moved up close…see it was all in Germany, but the Russian section…every night they would put them big field artillery pieces off up there.
Mike: What were they shooting at?
Damon: Just shooting, just to keep you awake and let you know that they were there. It was that Cold War thing, see. See they had the Berlin Wall and all that.
Mike: Where were you in Germany?
Damon: Well, when I went, I was really stationed in Augsburg. Then I went to Worms, down on the Rhine River. It was in…see Germany was in four divisions. I was in the French section when I went to Worms. That is the prettiest part of Germany, but the French were so poor they couldn’t even…now the section that the United States occupied they was putting a lot of money in it, see. To rebuild bridges, and I guess they could foresee the Germans was going to make a comeback, you know. They were helping them build bridges and their factories back, and their hotels and their streets and so forth. And boy, they had a bunch of skilled kids that was about 16, 17, 18 years old. Could plaster, that was one of their big trades. They laid cinder blocks and then plastered them. Made it look like a cement wall. A half of the buildings were shot in, and they were redoing all those. Everybody worked. But down in the French zone they just did not have the money to do that with. They were coming back slow. And of course, the Russian section wasn’t in it. But we went on maneuvers one time, and we were so close to it. We went right up against the border for maneuvers. And that is pushing your luck just a little bit, you know. The Russians put their big guns off every night and bam, bam, bam. About the time you finally went to sleep, they would put off another few rounds.
07:22
Mike: Were you ever stationed up at Frankfort area?
Damon: Yeah. I wasn’t stationed in Frankfort. See, Frankfort was in our states section. And what was the big town over there…Oh goodness, cannot think of the name of it now. I know I went over there in the 98th General Hospital for a while. It was about the second largest town in Germany. It wasn’t as big as Frankfort, but almost. And I was stationed there a long time. They had some schools set up there.
Mike: Well, I heard a lot of stories about where Dad was stationed at least part of the time in place called Wiesbaden. There is a US Air Force Base. And when I was over in Germany the first time, about 10 or 12 years ago, I stayed in Wiesbaden because it was near where we had a plant. Opel was over there. And coming home one night, I saw this sign that said US Air Force Base. And it is still there. Grass fields and everything. Did he ever tell you any stories about when the was in the…
09:20 [DEWv23: Ramsey, Marshall connection to us in Bentree (09:20-10:15)]
Damon: Not a lot, not a lot. It was...of course everybody was coming back out of the army then, you know, with all their big…Now this fella that lived over here, Harry Marshall, his mother was your grandmother’s big friend up in Bentree. Let’s see…she was Walter Ramsey’s daughter. Cannot think of her name right now. Lived right across the creek from where your grandmother lived.
Mike: I remember the place.
Damon: Now they were big buddies when they were growing up, you know. Now Harry, that was her son, he was the second one down the family. Their oldest boy got killed in Germany. Now, you never, ever heard him say nothing about it, nothing like that. You had to ask him if he had been in the service, almost. But a lot of these people that didn’t really see very much combat, they were the ones that had the big stories to tell, usually you know.
10:15 [DEWv23: War stories—Fayetteville man (10:15-12:06)]
Now we have one fella here in Fayetteville that was one of the highest decorated, probably right next to one of the higher ones in…of course we had one fella here in Fayette Country that won the Medal of Honor. They named one of the bridges over on the turnpike after him. But we had a fella here that was in five major campaigns. Boy, when he put that uniform on, he had the front of it covered. Of course, when he come back here, he was a major. He had been through the works. He wasn’t a very big guy, but he was tough. He was tougher than whipped leather. Had to be to survive all of that. Battle of the Bulge—he was in that. He said he just didn’t see no return. Never make it back out of that. They were outnumbered so much where they got trapped in there. And he was right along where Patton was. Of course, Patton got killed after the fighting was over. He was not killed in combat. Now he can tell you some pretty good stories. He went over there as a young muscular athlete—made corporal and sergeant and right on up. and come back here as a…
12:06 [DEWv23: War stories—Denvil (12:06-14:04)]
Mike: I remember when I was younger, Dad telling some stories. But I cannot remember any stories he told.
Damon: Well, I don’t remember much of it either, about the things that they did. See the war was over actually by the time he got there... I believe he worked most of the time as navigator. Was he a navigator part of the time?
Mike: That is what I always remembered, navigator. I think he was a mechanic, as well.
Damon: But the job I heard him tell a few stories about…I know he said one time they were flying out of heavy rain and fog. Back then you did that work with slide rules and so forth; between you and the pilot. The pilot told the navigator how fast you was flying, exactly what direction, and so forth. Denvil said that they wouldn’t tell him it had quit raining. The overcast had cleared up and they were flying out of it. They just let him sit back there and sweat until they got to wherever they were going to land. Of course, he was in contact with the pilot all the time. So, the pilot told him to come on up. That was then he found out it was a real pretty, sunny day. He was sitting up there looking right at the field. But they were really putting him through the roughs, to see if he could do it.
14:04 [DEWv23: More war stories (14:04-17:12)]
Damon: One old guy that was a judge here in Fayetteville came down to the American Legion. He said he was flying one of these planes, I forget now what it was, but it could carry four or five bombs, but it wasn’t a bomber. It wasn’t really a fighter plane. If they wanted something down real quick, that is what they send out, you know. They didn’t send a big bomber. They would send him out for some mission, and he said he was following this railroad track. And high enough, you know, and he could see it. All it was, he said, the railroad track was rusty or disappeared or whatever happened to the railroad track. Maybe a bridge out or something. So, he wondered what happened. He turned the plane around and came back and picked up his trail of the railroad. As he followed it up there, it just ended. He said there was a lot of big warehouses or something there (camouflaged well and everything). He could tell this railroad had been used a lot, but it didn’t go out the other side. He thought, “We’ll see what happens.” He sailed in there and dropped the big bomb right on it. And gosh, he said he just about didn’t make it out of there. It was full of ammunition and gasoline and all that stuff. It just about shook him up before he got away from it. And that is why they had it covered up so much like they did. They were safe with it, I guess.
Mike: Well, he got a rich target there!
Damon: He said it was one of the best licks he ever made.
One old guy that I was up at church camp with, said he flew over Germany. They shot him down and had him in a prison camp. I think the English had made a raid and the German had run off and left the prisoners. So, he got out, and they sent him back to his unit in Italy or Africa. He said he got another plane and flew back to Germany. They shot him down again. And somebody asked him what happened that time. “Well”, he said, “Germans just turned me loose and said bring us back another one.” Figured he go get another one and bring it back. They told us that he was actually shot down twice.
17:12 [DEWv23: Doyle & Darrel not in service; Dale was in Europe at same time as Damon (17:12—18:39)]
Mike: Now, I know that Dale was in the service, but Darrel wasn’t, was he?
Damon: No. Neither Doyle nor Darrel. Dale spent four years, me and him was together in Germany. One time we spent about a week together, four or five days. And the next time, I think I maybe just got to see him for a few hours. He was going up to Wiesbaden (I believe that was where he was going). He come over to where I was at. You don’t really know about your brothers until you get into that kind of a situation. I remember that so well: he got on the train, and I went with him to the train station. And he got on that train and stood out on that little old platform on the back of the train, as it pulled away, you know. Kind of a sad leaving. If he would have gone in there and sat down, it would have been different, you know. But he stood out there and…
Mike: Well, he would have been…how much younger is he than you?
Damon: About two years. I was 22 when I went in, see. See, he was about 20, I guess.
18:39 [DEWv23: Damon & Dale caught in fight in latrine in Augsburg (18:39-21:45)]
Me and him went into a beer joint there one night (I don’t know what it was called). It was full of people, everybody in there, drinking beer. And right up at the end of the building, they had a temporary latrine; it was as wide as this room, maybe wider. And it was just wide enough to go in there and it had a big trough. You just went in there and peed in that trough, see. We got in there and saw them setting up some tables and chairs. I almost knew there had been a ruckus and fight or something. So, we didn’t see anything, other than that. We went on back and went in that toilet. It was made out of cardboard, just real thin materials, temporary. We went in there, and right back next to the back end of that thing there was a boy standing there using the…and he had a little blood on his face. He was wiping on it. So, we didn’t say anything to him; we were both using the latrine there. But about that time in come another guy. He showed signs of combat, too. And they were the two that had been fighting outside, see. We didn’t know it. And one was down there, then Dale and then me, and then the other one come in. Of course, he came in there to finish it…and boy, into they went. And Dale had one of those big old army caps on or air force and they knocked it off. And it went down in that pee trough. He grabbed that cap with one hand and come up, boy, he was really putting the fist to anybody he could get to. ‘Cause he had knocked his cap off. Down went the whole wall and out into the floor we went. We got out of there before the inn people caught us. We got away. Well, they didn’t ask you no questions. If those business places like that, if they called MP’s, they started pointing the finger...they didn’t ask you your opinion or what you done, anything. They just took you right on, you see. They didn’t argue with you. Boy, those MP’s were rough with you, too. ‘Cause I was arrested one time over there. And I know how they treated you. They was pretty…
Mike: Where was that?
Damon: I believe that was in Augsburg.
Mike: Did you ever go back to Europe?
21:45 [DEWv23: Damon won $75 in bingo; took 15-day furlough to tour Europe (21:45-29:28)]
Damon: No, I never did. I took a tour… I won $75 in the Bingo game there one night at the Enlisted Men’s Club. They had a nice big Enlisted Men’s Club there. And they wouldn’t give me the money that night, they said I had to go to the Company Commander and get some papers filled out saying I wasn’t fined or didn’t owe nobody. Didn’t owe the Red Cross anything. So, when I went in to have him do that, he said “Sit down, I want to talk to you”. And he was a real nice fella, in a way. Of course, he had to be tough, you know, out in front of everybody. He said, “Let me tell you, you go back home and that $75 won’t amount to a hill of beans to you, when you get home. You will probably spend it every night. But what you ought to do is take that $75 and take you a fifteen-day furlough. I will help you fix it up, and you will never forget it, see. It will be the best $75 you ever spent.” And I said, okay. So, he got his map out and showed me. He said, “Now you take the train here, and you go to Holland.” I went to Rotterdam, Amsterdam—and stayed a night at each one of them. Then I went on over into Belgium and stayed one night there, and then into Paris. And I can’t remember a lot about that…but you come into the train station up on the hill, then you had to go to this train station and catch a taxi or walk. Kinda like it is in Chicago, you didn’t change trains in the same building. You had to go to another…east and west bound, or whatever they call them. But I stayed there in Paris four or five days, took some tours. Man, you take a tour there for 50 cents, would last until noon or so. Taking you to all those places and telling you what they were, the Notre Dame Cathedral, the Eiffel Tower, and all those places. And went to old…shoot…that old general’s way back when.
Mike: Charles De Gaul?
Damon: No, on back in the history. Napoleon!! Had a big mansion there, see. We went to it. Went to King and Queen’s palace there in France. Took them about 300 years to build. Went to it. They told us about the history of it, you know. How long it took them to build it and how many men worked their lifetimes away on it. And then I left there and went to Switzerland. And used my one day of grace getting back from that. Got back into camp. But it was well, well…you could take your…I had my money put in traveler’s checks and you could cash. I had $15 a day. You could cash…$10 a day couldn’t you. So what I had to spend because $15 times 10 would be…How much would $75 dollars divided by 15 be?
Mike: Less than 10 bucks.
Damon: Less than $10, wouldn’t it be? But I had my traveler’s checks lined up where I could use 1/10 of it a day, see, and make it back. But gosh, they didn’t have no motels then; used stayed in a hotel. You could stay in a hotel for 50 cents. Get a pretty fair meal for 50 cents. And then, of course, I drank my share of the beer. It was real cheap. And I could make it and really live it up pretty good on 1/10 of $75. And that is all I would spend in one day.
Mike: You forget how cheap things were back then.
Damon: Yeah, you could take $5, five American dollars and buy twenty German marks. Well, a German mark, actually when you talk to people about how much they made at work and so forth, they made 4-6 marks a day. They’d be just about what like our dollar would have been there, see. When I went into the service there was a lot of people here working for 4 to 5 to 6 dollars a day. But over there they were working for 4-5 marks a day. And a mark had about the same spending power in Germany at that time... You could take $5 and turn it $20 on the black market you know. And then you could take the German money and you could really live it up, see. You had almost a German’s week wages there to spend in a day. When you got into France, I don’t remember how their money was graduated to our money. But boy, you could go in there and cash one of those traveler’s checks, and you got back a wad of money. But it took a wad to live there in France. Oh gosh, I mailed Mae a letter. Air mailed her one time, and there was the awfullest pile of money you ever seen piled up there, just to send an air mail letter. But the money wasn’t worth a whole lot…just a big bunch of money. Maybe I think it really amounted to about 35 cents. French money went down to almost nothing, see. But I stayed and went to a lot of those places where they had guided tours. They would begin to start those tours by the time I got there, see. I went into one big nightclub there and they got ready and took us all in there at one time, you know. And we went in there and bunch of us got separated from our group. And I mean it was a big place. We wanted to get away from our group, you know, and we thought we would stay longer than what they were going to. When we came out, we couldn’t find our way back to the hotel. And one fella with us had some kind of a piece of paper that he finally got the taxi driver to understand where we was at. He took us back to where we was…but it was way up about 4:00 in the morning by the time we got left off.
29:28 [DEWv23: Back to stories about Denvil (29:28-31:52)]
Mike: Well, that is one thing I never had the opportunity to do, go in the service.
Damon: Well, Denvil told me when I went into the service…he took me out behind the house and said, “I am going to tell you two words. You remember them and you use them all the time you are in the army, and you will come back okay. Know when to shut your mouth and you will be okay. That is the first thing you’ve got to learn, and you really got to stick to it. Know when to shut your mouth.” And that is about right. When those people start on you…just stand there. And they can’t do too much, as long as you don’t talk back to them. And if you keep your mouth shut. Well, I was a draftee. I was one of the, maybe one of the only ones come back through the repo depot when I came back it was sergeant first class, as a draftee. There was lots and lots of draftees come back as a private. But I just hit it lucky; I reckon maybe where they needed opening, I was ready.
30:29
Mike: Was Dad drafted or did he enlist?
Damon: No, he joined. There was an old fella that lived there at Bentree, and his last name was Ellis. And he was an old time Air Force man, way back I guess in World War I. He would come there and talk to Denvil. Denvil was about the only boy there in Bentree that probably ever entered a college, you know. The people with education were far between then. I think Denvil had two years at Tech. Ellis was telling him what an opportunity he could have if he joined the Air Force. Well, he joined the Air Force and stayed and of course he went to school up in Michigan, you know, a long time. By the time he went overseas, the war was over. So, it was good for him, good it happened that way.
31:52 [DEWv23: Andy Adkins’ son, Little Albert, dies on last day of war (31:52-36:15)]
Of course, boy, I’ll tell you one of the sad, sad stories about the war was in Andy Adkin’s family. You were asking me about how they were kin. See Dana and Mom was sisters. And they lived right up the road from us, right up the hollow. Dana, if I remember right, she could read and write a little bit. Girls went to school a little bit more or were educated faster. But Gordon, I don’t know if you remember him, but Gordon couldn’t write his name hardly. Now Pat could read and write a little bit. But then there was Gordon and Guy and Sherman and some of them never even went to school, hardly at all, see. Andy couldn’t read and write. But they’d come down home and see and Mom and Daddy; they would tell him the news. And the reason they didn’t get the paper, didn’t have no television or anything like that. All they talked about was their boy, course he was in the infantry division, I think. And he was stationed at that time in Italy, I believe.
Mike: Who was this?
Damon: Andy and Dana’s son. They called him Little Albert. He was named after Grandpa Mullins. And they would come down and talk to Mom and say, “Oh, I wish this war was over.” Course, the news was coming about the Germans...about everybody knew that they were going to be defeated. But they didn’t know how long it was going to take. Of course, when Germany surrendered, it made big, big news, you know. I can remember them coming down and coming across that little old bridge. Now we didn’t live in the house…we lived up the hollow up at the first house. They were just overflooded with joy that their son had made it through the war. Went on about 10 days after that and they got a telegram saying that he was killed on the last day of the war. And he was about the same age as Denvil, maybe just a tad older than Denvil. They lost their boy on the last day of the war. They got two or three letters…of course there was a little more communication after the war was over. But Wib told me that they believe from the letter and stuff that some woman killed him. If it was true? But they thought it was. But for the biggest part of these people, the government just said, “Missing in Action”. They didn’t know how they was killed. And a lot of them they didn’t…where they would drop a bomb on a building and all that kind of stuff. And you know there was lots and lots of that that went off, you know, or a boat would get hit out in the water…they knew very little about what happened, see. But then getting up to the last of the war, they had a little better communication and little bit more up to date on stuff like that. And they brought back, way up on after the war was over, they brought back a lot of what they called…they didn’t know who was buried where. And any amount of them probably…they might have gathered up the dead and buried them sometimes, and sometimes they didn’t.
36:15 [DEWv23: Eddie joins conversation (36:15-38:10)]
You remember Don Naylor?
Mike: Name sounds familiar.
Damon: He was from down in the Alloy Division. His…now let me think, I think it was his sister married…I cannot remember just how it was, but you know the Clonch’s, down there in Bell Creek. I believe now that they were kin to them through his mother, or something.
Damon: Come in Eddie!
Eddie: You all chatting?
Mike: Yeah, I am recording some more stuff here.
Damon: Are you ready to go get the walkers?
Eddie: No, I already took the car out there. There is a car out there.
Damon: Oh, that is right. Nancy was going to bring it back.
Eddie: You all alone? I am going to go for a ride around the block in one of the Corvettes, if you want to go.
Mike: Go ahead. When you get back, we will have to pick it up. We have to go to the grocery store here.
Eddie: How was golf yesterday?
Mike: Well, we had fun. It was a good day for golfing, you know, in the 60’s. And we shot pretty well. I had an 84 and Tyler had an 85.
Eddie: So just the two of you played?
Mike: Yeah, we just played by ourselves.
Eddie: We took Jeff out four wheeling.
Mike: That’s what I heard. I wish I had been here for that.
Eddie: Well, he said you might all ride some.
Mike: Yeah, Justin wanted to go out on the four-wheeler, so maybe this afternoon or later tonight we can do that.
Eddie: Oh, you ought to go. Have you been up on top of Cotton Hill Mountain?
Mike: Yes.
Eddie: You ride up there where they built that helicopter pad. It is just beautiful.
Mike: Yes, it is.
Eddie: So, you ought to go; we had a blast yesterday. It was a really nice day. Well, we will just circle the block.
38:10 [DEWv23: Damon finishes war stories; Wib’s son dies in Georgia (38:10-44:19)]
Damon: You know there’s a lot of those people, so they brought Little Albert back two or three years after the war was over and had a funeral there at Bentree. And got a plague and all that you know.
Mike: That much later?
Damon: Oh yeah, it was a long time after that. See Mae’s uncle Al Greedy, their oldest son was killed in Germany. My land, I don’t know how long it was before they brought him back because he was killed way up in the earlier part of the war. I can remember him, and he was just a little tiny, skinny boy but he was 18 years old. Probably wouldn’t have weighed a hundred and ten or fifteen pounds. Went in the service and went to Germany and got killed. And it was just about killed his mother and dad because they looked at him as being their baby and everything. They brought him back there and buried him over at their homeplace in Bickmore. I know Mae’s dad said, “I don’t know…if had been me, I would have had second thoughts about it.” But they wanted him back, you know. You know, I never had any experience like that, and I hope I never do.
But now Wib lost that boy of his down in Georgia, got killed in a car wreck on Friday. The undertaker there from Summersville called down there and said they wanted to know how they would go about the arrangements, how they would go about picking them up, and this and that. They said, “We don’t work on Saturday and Sunday. Our offices will be opened on Monday.” Of course, the coroner there had to fill out an accident, death report. And they just told them, “We don’t work on Sunday.” And Wib told that undertaker there in Summersville, “If you will go to Georgia and get him, I will pay you.” He called him back and they said, “You can come down here on Monday, but we don’t work Saturday or Sunday”. And they left him right there in that funeral home Friday evening…well I think it was dark when he…Dale told me all about it. They left him right there until Monday. That rubbed Wib hard.
Mike: Yeah, I can imagine it would.
Damon: Wib said, “It’s bad enough to lose him and everything, but I could have just gone down there and got him. If the funeral director could have gone and got him…brought him up here and got him ready, we could have buried him.” But see, he and his wife sat there and never slept or anything for that long. Dale told me that that car that he [the son] was driving was one of them little…least little Dodge, whatever kind of a car they made. They rented a lot of them back then. Forget what they was called. He had one of those little Dodge cars, and he came off of the interstate and was going up and across….it was on a ramp like. When the police got there and checked it, there was a brand-new package of cigarettes just opened. And they assumed that he was opening that package of cigarettes and going up and around this ramp. He couldn’t have been going very fast, 30-35 or something, you see…maybe not even that fast. And that car got off the road just one way, I mean the lane was just one way traffic, of course. He got off and hit the berm and then hit a telephone pole. That telephone poll came right in that car where he was sitting. Dale told me after it was over, he went up there in the next two or three days and he said, “I bet I could have straightened the steering wheel up on that car and drove it home.” See that was as bad as the car was…the car was tore up, a lot of the...side, the door, and all that. But he took the lick right in the side of his head, right off that telephone pole. And he said it bent the steering wheel, but you know, he said, I bet I could have drove it home. It was bad wasn’t it? My, my! He said, if he would have hit it two foot back, probably wouldn’t even hurt him. Chances are it wouldn’t have. But those little old cars are as thin as they can be. It took a toll on those people.
Mike: Yeah, I bet it did.
Damon: That happened in the spring; Wib only lived up into that fall. It wasn’t even in the fall…Wib died in August.
Damon: Well, let’s go out. I want to show you my car.
44:19
Vol1 - Vol5 were recorded at Damon & Mae’s home, Fayetteville, WV, July 1, 2003.
Vol6 - Vol9 were recorded at Damon & Mae’s home, Fayetteville, WV, July 3, 2003.
Vol10 - Vol13 were recorded at Damon & Mae’s home, Fayetteville, WV, July 5, 2003.
Vol14 - Vol18 were recorded at Damon & Mae’s home, Fayetteville, WV, July 6, 2003.
Vol19 was recorded at Damon & Mae’s home, Fayetteville, WV, November 24, 2004.
Vol21 was recorded at the Workman Family Reunion at Damon & Mae’s home, Fayetteville, WV, July 6, 2005.
Vol22 - Vol23 was recorded at Damon & Mae’s home, Fayetteville, WV, July 6, 2006.